نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجو دکتری رشته زراعت، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مهاباد، مهاباد، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر دور آبیاری و مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و میزان اسانس همیشه‌بهار آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپیلت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در بهار 1395در ایستگاه کشاورزی ساعتلوی ارومیه انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل دور آبیاری در چهار سطح (آبیاری بعد از 5 ، 10، 15 و 20 روز) و مصرف کود نیتروژنه در چهار سطح (صفر(شاهد)، 80، 160، 240 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد اثر دور آبیاری بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار بود. بین سطوح کود نیتروژنه از لحاظ اثر بر کلیه صفات به غیر از وزن هزار دانه اختلاف معنی‌دار دیده شد، همچنین اثر متقابل دور آبیاری و سطوح نیتروژن نیز بر تعداد دانه در طبق، عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن، عملکرد روغن و درصد اسانس گل در معنی-دار بود. تیمار آبیاری بعد از 10 روز بالاترین تعداد دانه در طبق (22.91 دانه)، وزن هزار دانه (11.19 گرم) و عملکرد خشک گل (598.44 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را به خود اختصاص داد، همچنین بالاترین تعداد دانه در طبق (22.25 دانه)، وزن هزار دانه (10.52 گرم) و عملکرد خشک گل (575.12 کیلوگرم در هکتار) سطح 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نیتروژنه اختصاص داشت. در بین تیمارهای اثر متقابل بیشترین تعداد دانه در طبق (24.33 عدد) عملکرد دانه (1133.3 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد روغن (356.5 کیلوگرم درهکتار) و درصد اسانس گل (25 درصد) در تیمار دورآبیاری بعد از 10 روز و 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نیتروژنه مشاهده شد. با توجه به محدویت آب در منطقه و همچنین جلوگیری از مشکلات زیست محیطی دور آبیاری بعد از 10 روز و مصرف 80 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژنه در منطقه قابل توصیه است.
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