نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور تعدیل اثرات کمبود رطوبت خاک بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد گندم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 95-1394 در شرایط آب و هوایی اهواز به مورداجرا گذاشته شد. عامل اول رژیم آبیاری بر اساس تشتک تبخیربه صورت 60 (عرف منطقه)، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر و عامل دوم شامل کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی پتاسه درچهار سطح به‌صورت کاربرد: کود‌‌ شیمیایی سولفات‌ پتاسیم (شاهد)، کاربرد 75 درصد سولفات پتاسیم+ پتابارور2، کاربرد 50 درصد سولفات پتاسیم + پتابارور2 و کاربرد 25 درصد سولفات پتاسیم + پتابارور2 بود. نتایج نشان داد بین سطوح مختلف رژیم آبیاری تفاوت معنی‌دار ازنظر تعداد سنبله در مترمربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت مشاهده شد. تأثیر کاربرد توأم کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی به‌جز شاخص برداشت بر سایر صفات معنی‌دار بود. اثر متقابل بین رژیم آبیاری و مصرف توأم کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی بر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد زیستی معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه متعلق به آبیاری بر اساس 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر و کاربرد 75 درصد سولفات پتاسیم+ پتابارور2 با 5971 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین مقدار به تیمار آبیاری بر اساس 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر و کاربرد 25 درصد سولفات پتاسیم+ پتابارور2 با 2081 کیلوگرم در هکتار تعلق داشت. درصد افزایش عملکرد دانه در تیمار کاربرد 75 درصد سولفات پتاسیم + پتابارور2 در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد، 12.3 درصد بود.نتایج نشان داد کاربرد باکتری مذکور همراه با کاربرد کود شیمیایی توانست رشد گندم را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. از طرفی با توجه به اینکه در هر سه رژیم آبیاری عملکرد دانه در شرایط 75 درصد سولفات پتاسیم+ پتابارور2 نسبت به تیمار عدم استفاده از کودهای زیستی (شاهد) افزایش معنی‌دار داشت، لذا این ترکیب کودی را می‌توان در شرایط تنش رطوبتی و بدون تنش رطوبتی در منطقه توصیه کرد.

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