نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استاد دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
چکیده
کاربرد کودهای زیستی و یونیکونازولروشیمناسببرایافزایش عملکرد گندم تحت شرایط محدودیت آبیاست. به منظور بررسی تأثیر یونیکونازول و کودهای زیستی بر طول دوره پر شدن دانه و سهم فرایند انتقال مجدد در عملکرد دانه گندم دررژیم‌های متفاوت رطوبتی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل محلول‌پاشی با یونیکونازول در دو سطح )عدم محلول پاشی و محلول پاشی 0.1 گرم در لیتر(، کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح )کاربرد میکوریزا، ازتوباکتر و سودوموناس، کاربرد توأم میکوریزا با باکتریها، عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی بهعنوان شاهد( و آبیاری در سه سطح )آبیاری کامل، آبیاری تا 50 درصد مراحل خوشه‌دهی و چکمه ای شدن به ترتیب بهعنوان محدودیت ملایم و شدید آبی( بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین سهم انتقال مجدد ماده خشک از کل اندام هوایی (57.6 درصد) و مشارکت ذخایر ساقه در عملکرد دانه (53.4 درصد) و کمترین طول دوره پر شدن دانه (26.6روز) در آبیاری تا 50 درصد چکمه ای شدن، عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی و عدم محلول‌پاشی با یونیکونازول به دست آمد. حداکثر وزن تک بذر و طول دوره پر شدن دانه (به ترتیب با 0.052 گرم و 34.5روز) به کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و یونیکونازول و در آبیاری کامل و کمترین آن‌ها (0.030 گرم، 626.6 روز) در عدم مصرف کودهای زیستی و یونیکونازول و در آبیاری تا 50 درصد چکمه ای شدن به دست آمد. حداکثر سرعت پر شدن دانه (0.00248 گرم در روز) در کاربرد کودهای زیستی و یونیکونازول و در آبیاری تا 50 درصد چکمه ای شدن و کمترین میزان آن (0.0016 گرم در روز) در عدم مصرف کودهای زیستی و یونیکونازول و در آبیاری کامل به دست آمد. به‌طورکلی کاربرد کودهای زیستی و یونیکونازول میتواند بهعنوان یک فاکتور مدیریتی مناسب برای افزایش عملکرد دانه و طول دوره پر شدن دانه در شرایط محدودیت آبی باشد.
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