نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

سرب یک عنصر غیرضروری است که علاوه بر سمیت زیادی که برای انسان دارد اثرات سوئی نیز بر گیاهان می­گذارد. به‌منظور بررسی اثر چای کمپوست و پتاسیم هیومات بر تحمل گیاهچه­های آفتابگردان به غلظت­های سمی سرب، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل شاهد، پتاسیم هیومات و چای کمپوست و چهار غلظت سرب (صفر، 200، 400 و 600 میلی­گرم سرب بر کیلوگرم خاک) بودند. غلظت چای کمپوست (1:5) و پتاسیم هیومات 300 میلی­ مول بر لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که به‌طورکلی وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، کلروفیل a و کلروفیل b در پاسخ به افزایش غلظت سرب در خاک کاهش و میزان کارتنوئید، پرولین و نشت الکترولیتی افزایش نشان دادند. پرایمینگ بذر با پتاسیم هیومات و چای کمپوست اثر منفی آلودگی خاک با سرب بر پارامترهای مذکور را تعدیل می­کند. تحت تنش سرب، پتاسیم هیومات باعث افزایش وزن خشک ریشه به میزان 733 میلی­گرم، وزن خشک برگ به میزان 73 میلی­گرم، کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، غلظت سرب ریشه و اندام هوایی شد؛ اما چای کمپوست موجب افزایش پرولین (به میزان 27 میکرومول بر گرم) و کاروتنوئید (به میزان 0.7 میلی­ مول بر گرم وزن تازه برگ) و کاهش نشت الکترولیتی (به میزان 5.45 درصد) نسبت به تیمار شاهد گردید. به‌طورکلی نتیجهگیری می­شود که کاربرد پتاسیم هیومات و چای کمپوست با افزایش میزان رنگدانه‎های فتوسنتزی و پرولین و کاهش میزان نشت الکترولیتی بردباری آفتابگردان را در خاک‌های آلوده به سرب افزایش می‎دهد.

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