نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بیرجند

3 استاد، گروه مهندسی علوم خاک، دانشگاه تهران

4 استادیار، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش شوری، قارچ میکوریزا آربوسکولار و باکتری حل­کننده فسفات معدنی بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد گیاه دارویی اسفرزه (Plantago ovata Forsk.) آزمایشی به­صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طراحی و اجرا شد. عامل شوری آب آبیاری در سه سطح 2.5 (شاهد)، 5 و 10 دسی زیمنس بر متر به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و دو عامل قارچ میکوریزا آربوسکولار شامل دو سطح (کاربرد قارچ Glomus intraradicesو عدم مصرف قارچ به­عنوان شاهد) و باکتری حل‌کننده فسفات نیز شامل دو سطح (کاربرد باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens و عدم مصرف باکتری به­عنوان شاهد) به­صورت فاکتوریل در کرت­های فرعی بودند.مقایسه میانگین­ها نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد سنبله در بوته، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت به ترتیب، 18.3 عدد در بوته، 43.4 عدد در سنبله، 1.5 گرم و 27.9 درصد در شوری 2.5 دسی زیمنس بر متر حاصل گردید. همچنین بررسی اثرات متقابل نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه درنتیجه ترکیب تیماری 2.5 دسی زیمنس بر متر و کاربرد قارچ Glomus intraradices و باکتریPseudomonas fluorescens به میزان 4539 و 1310 کیلوگرم در هکتار حاصل شد. درمجموع نتایج این بررسی نشان داد اگرچه شوری بالای آب آبیاری می­تواند تأثیر منفی بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی اسفرزه بگذارد، بهره ­گیری از کودهای بیولوژیک می­تواند بخشی از این اثرات منفی تنش را جبران نماید.

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