نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
چکیده
سلنیوم یکی از عناصر ضروری برای موجودات زنده است که نقش مهمی در کاهش اثرات نامطلوب تنشهای محیطی در گیاهان ایفا میکند. به‌منظور بررسی اثر سلنیوم بر گیاهچه‌های سیر تحت کلریدسدیم و غلظتهای مختلف کادمیوم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد.از کلریدسدیم در دو سطح صفر و 25 میلی‌مولار، کادمیوم در چهار غلظت صفر، 4-10، 3-10 و 2-10 مولار کلریدکادمیوم و سلنیوم با غلظت 5 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر سلناتسدیم و بدونکاربرد آن استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که کلریدسدیم و کادمیوم سبب کاهش معنی‌دار وزن خشک ریشه و اندامهوایی، محتوای کلروفیل کل، فتوسنتز خالص، هدایت روزنه‌ای و تعرق گیاه سیر شد. برهمکنش کلریدسدیم و کادمیوم در غلظت 4-10 مولار باعث کاهش 14.47 درصدی جذب کادمیوم درریشه و به دنبال آن افزایش میزان کلروفیل کل و فتوسنتز خالص نسبت به شرایط بدون کلریدسدیم شد، ولی در غلظتهای 3-10 و 2-10 مولار کادمیوم این اثر ملاحظه نگردید. افزایش کادمیوم در حضور کلرید سدیم سبب افزایش 2.7 برابری نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم در اندام هوایی شد. کاربرد سلنیوم با کلریدسدیم، وزنخشکریشه و اندامهوایی گیاه سیر را به ترتیب 14.28 و 8.57 درصد افزایش داد. همچنین سلنیوم اثر منفی کادمیوم (3-10مولار) بر وزن خشک ریشه و وزن خشک اندام هوایی را به ترتیب 20.77 و 12.71 درصد کاهش داد. به نظر می‌رسد سلنیوم از طریق کاهش جذب کادمیوم و همچنین نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم در افزایش میزان کلروفیلو فتوسنتز در حضور کلریدسدیم و کادمیوم مؤثر باشد.
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