نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی.

2 عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه.

چکیده

خشکی مهم‌ترین عامل محدودکننده تولید گیاهان زراعی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است. به دلیل کاهش بارندگی، گرم شدن سطح کره زمین و هدر رفتن مقدار قابل‌توجهی از آب­های سطحی در اثر تبخیر، این پژوهش به‌منظور تعیین میزان مصرف آب در سامانه آبیاری فتیله­ای در مقایسه با سامانه آبیاری متداول (آبیاری سطحی) و طراحی و عملیاتی کردن سامانه آبیاری فتیله­ای در مزرعه انجام شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی در سال 1394 اجرا شد.تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل، آبیاری معمولی به­عنوان تیمار شاهد و آبیاری فتیله­ای بود. نتایج نشان داد که آبیاری فتیله­ای نسبت به آبیاری سطحی محتوای نسبی آب برگ، سطح برگ، ارتفاع بوته و ساقه اصلی بیشتری را دارا بود. ازنظر وزن مخصوص برگ تفاوتی بین سامانه‌های آبیاری وجود نداشت. همچنین آبیاری فتیله­ای نسبت به آبیاری سطحی ازنظر مصرف آب کاراتر و ماده خشک بیشتری تولید کرد. علت احتمالا این است که سله خاک و خیس شدن سطح خاک در آبیاری فتیله­ای کمتر است. دسترسی دائمی به آب و عدم شرایط غرقابی هم می­تواند رشد گیاه را بهبود ببخشد و کارایی مصرف آب و تولید ماده خشک را افزایش دهد.

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