نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان.

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج.

4 مربی، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی واکنش فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی مرزنجوش (Origanum majorana) به عنصر روی در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار در سال 1393 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه هرمزگان اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی (رطوبت خاک معادل 50، 75 و 100% ظرفیت زراعی) محلول‌پاشی کود روی (غلظت­های 0، 1 و 3 در هزار) بودند.  نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تنش خشکی اثر معنی­داری بر تمام صفات به‌غیراز درصد اسانس داشته و تیمار کود روی در تمام صفات اندازه­گیری شده به‌غیراز کلروفیل a و آنزیم کاتالاز اثر معنی­داری داشته است. اثر متقابل روی و تنش خشکی بر  میزان کلروفیل a، b، کل، میزان آنتوسیانین و درصد اسانس معنی‌دار بود. اعمال تنش معادل 75% ظرفیت زراعی موجب افزایش کلروفیل a، b و کل گردید درحالی‌که تنش 50% ظرفیت زراعی موجب افزایش میزان کاروتنوئید، قند محلول، آنتوسیانین و آنزیم کاتالاز گردید. محلول ­پاشی غلظت سه در هزار روی موجب افزایش میزان کلروفیل b و کل و محلول ­پاشی غلظت یک در هزار روی نیز موجب افزایش میزان قند محلول و درصد اسانس گردید. در شرایط تنش 75 و 100% ظرفیت زراعی، محلول­پاشی یک در هزار روی موجب افزایش میزان کلروفیل  a، b، میزان آنتوسیانین و درصد اسانس شد. هرچند در این آزمایش آنزیم کاتالاز تحت تأثیر تیمارهای روی قرار نگرفت اما محلول‌ پاشی با غلظت‌ پایین روی از طریق افزایش بیوسنتز کلروفیل، کارتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و قند محلول باعث افزایش تحمل گیاه مرزنجوش و درنتیجه بهبود شرایط رشدی این گیاه در شرایط تنش خشکی شد.

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