نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران.
چکیده
آگاهی از اثرات مخرب کادمیوم بر مقدار پتاسیم در ارقام مختلف گندم، به‌عنوان محصولی راهبردی در تأمین امنیت غذایی کشور اهمیت دارد. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای پتاسیم در ارقام مختلف گندم تحت تنش کادمیوم بود. برای این منظور آزمایشی فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا شد. تیمار‌های آزمایش شامل سه سطح کادمیوم (صفر (شاهد، Cd0)، 40 (Cd40) و 80 (Cd80) میلی‌گرم کادمیوم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و 14 رقم گندم (بهار، نیک نژاد، مرودشت، پارسی، سیوند، شیراز، روشن، پیشتاز، آزادی، شهریار، پیشگام، امید، الوند و نوید) بود. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار جذب پتاسیم در بخش هوایی در تیمار Cd40 نسبت به تیمار Cd0 به ترتیب در ارقام الوند (2/08 درصد) و بهار (0/81 درصد) مشاهده شد. در تیمار Cd80 بیشترین و کمترین مقدار پتاسیم بخش هوایی نسبت به تیمار Cd0 به ترتیب در ارقام شهریار (1/1 درصد) و پیشتاز (0/54 درصد) مشاهده شد. در تیمار Cd40 بیشترین و کمترین مقدار جذب کادمیوم به ترتیب توسط رقم نیک نژاد (هفت میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و رقم پارسی (دو میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) صورت گرفته بود. از طرفی در تیمار Cd80 بیشترین و کمترین مقدار کادمیوم به ترتیب در بخش هوایی ارقام پیشگام (20 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و نوید (شش میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) مشاهده شد. درمجموع، دو رقم نیک نژاد و پیشگام بیشترین قابلیت برداشت کادمیوم را داشتند، همچنین کمترین قابلیت برداشت کادمیوم در دو رقم پارسی و نوید مشاهده شد. از طرف دیگر ارقام الوند و شهریار بیشترین و ارقام بهار و پیشتاز کمترین مقدار پتاسیم در بخش هوایی را داشتند.
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