نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته دکتری اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
2 استاد تمام دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
3 دانشیار دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
4 استادیار پژوهشکده کشاورزی گچساران مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کهگیلویه و بویراحمد
چکیده
با توجه به وجود تنش سرما در مناطق سردسیر کشور لزوم گزینش ژنوتیپ‌هایی با پتانسیل عملکرد بالا و سایر ویژگی‌های مناسب زراعی بیش از پیش آشکار می‌باشد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی تنوع لاین‌های گندم دوروم در شرایط تنش یخ‌زدگی و شناسایی لاین‌های مقاوم به سرما در گندم دوروم بر اساس برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و تعیین رابطه بین صفات گندم دوروم و تحمل به سرما بود. آزمایشات یخ‌زدگی و آزمایشگاهی در گلخانه و آزمایشگاه اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 98 بر روی 45 لاین امیدبخش گندم دوروم به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. تمامی لاین‌های مورد بررسی قادر به تحمل تنش بودند. در مجموع لاین‌های 34، 36 و 37 بیشترین درصد زنده‌مانی و لاین‌های 1، 23 و 25 کمترین میزان زنده‌مانی را نشان دادند. صفات LT50، درصد زنده‌مانی، ارتفاع، وزن تر اندام هوایی، وزن خشک اندام هوایی، وزن اشباع اندام هوایی، تعداد برگ، محتوای آب نسبی و نشت الکترولیت مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. لاین‌هایی که در گروه لاین‌های پابلند خوشه‌بندی شدند از نظر صفت LT50 نیز در گروه لاین‌های مقاوم قرار گرفتند. در تجزیه خوشه‌ای لاین‌ها در شرایط شاهد، تنش 8- و 12- درجه سانتی‌گراد لاین‌ها در چهار گروه و در شرایط تنش 10- درجه سانتی‌گراد لاین‌ها در 5 گروه قرار گرفتند. صفات وزن تر اندام هوایی، تعداد برگ، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و هدایت الکتریکی نقش مهمی در میانگین گروه‌ها داشتند.در تجزیه به عامل‌ها در سطوح شاهد و تنش 8- درجه سانتی‌گراد چهار عامل و برای سطوح تنش 10- و 12- درجه سانتی‌گراد سه عامل برای تفسیر داده‌ها انتخاب شد. با توجه به نتایج نهایی مطالعه، لاین‌های 17، 24، 27، 35، 38 و 40 لاین‌های مقاوم شناخته شدند. لاین‌های 3، 12، 18، 20 و 44 حساس شناخته شدند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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