نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 استاد رشته فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 دانشیار رشته شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
4 دانشیار رشته میکروبیولوژی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
چکیده
آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک موضوعی است که در سال‌های اخیر موردتوجه زیادی قرار گرفته و بالأخص در سال‌های اخیر با توسعه اقتصادی شاهد افزایش رهاسازی فلزات سنگین در محیط‌زیست بالأخص زمین‌های زراعی هستیم. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثرات کاربرد بیوچار، مایه‌کوبی با سوسپانسیون قارچ تریکودرما و مدیریت عنصر فسفر بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی و جذب عناصر در گیاهچه‌های ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای رشد یافته در خاک‌آلوده به عناصر سنگین سرب و روی اجرا شد. آزمایش با کاربرد دو سطح بیوچار (شاهد و کاربرد بیوچار)، دو سطح مایه‌کوبی تریکودرما (شاهد و مایه‌کوبی با سوسپانسیون قارچ) و سه سطح کود فسفر (عدم مصرف یا شاهد و مصرف 11 و 22 میلی‌گرم فسفر بر کیلوگرم خاک به ترتیب) به‌صورت طرح فاکتوریل کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. در شرایط عدم مصرف کود فسفر (شاهد) کاربرد بیوچار و قارچ تریکودرما زیست‌توده اندام هوایی بالاتری به دست آمد. قارچ تریکودرما به‌تنهایی و یا با مصرف 11 میلی گرم فسفر نتیجه بهتری در افزایش ارتفاع بوته داشت. غلظت کلروفیل a با کاربرد بیوچار توأم با تریکودرما در بالاترین میزان خود بود، همچنین بدون کاربرد فسفر، کاربرد تریکودرما بالاترین غلظت کلروفیل b را موجب شد. تغییرات در محتوی نسبی آب برگ در محدوده 85.5 تا 90.5 درصد در بین ترکیبات تیماری متغیر بود. مصرف 22 میلی گرم فسفر اثر یکسان در بهبود پروتئین برگ در مقایسه با عدم مصرف فسفر نشان داد. مصرف فسفر در حد 11 میلی گرم توأم با کاربرد بیوچار و تریکودرما بالاترین محتوی قند محلول را موجب شد. بیشترین محتوی پرولین برگ با کاربرد تریکودرما بدون اعمال بیوچار و فسفر به دست آمد. کاربرد بیوچار به‌تنهایی و یا با تریکودرما نیز توانست میزان جذب فسفر را به‌اندازه مصرف کود فسفر بهبود بخشد. قارچ تریکودرما تأثیر معنی‌دار در میزان جذب سرب و روی اندام هوایی نداشت، اما بیوچار به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث کاهش جذب آن‌ها در اندام هوایی ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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