نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود، شاهرود
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود، شاهرود
چکیده
یکی از تنشهای غیر زیستی برای گیاهان زراعی، کمبود آب است که در نواحی خشک و نیمه‌خشک ازجمله ایران به عنوان مهم‌ترین عامل محدودکننده رشد گیاهان است. لذا اثرات تنش خشکی و پرایمینگ تغذیه‌ای بذر بر گیاهان میتواند نقش مهمی در مدیریت رژیم های مختلف آبیاری جهت مقابله با شرایط نامساعد محیطی و بهبود عملکرد محصولات زراعی داشته باشد. کینوا یکی از محصولات زراعی است که علاوه بر ارزش غذایی بالا، به دلیل مقاومت به کم‌آبی در سالهای اخیر موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. به همین منظور در سال زراعی 1399 -1400 در شهرستانهای نیشابور و کاشمر آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل که سه دور آبیاری 7، 10 و 14 روز به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و پرایمینگ بذور در دو سطح بدون پرایم (شاهد) و ترکیب سولفات آهن + سولفات روی به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم روی سه ژنوتیپ (Q12، Q29 و Giza1) کینوا به‌عنوان فاکتورهای فرعی انجام شد. در منطقه کاشمر، بیشترین میزان محتوای نسبی آب در ارقام Q12 و گیزا تحت تیمار 14 روز یک‌بار آبیاری مشاهده شد. درحالی‌که در نیشابور بیشترین مقدار متغیر مذکور در تیمار 7 روز یک‌بار آبیاری و رقم Q29 به دست آمد. تیمار پرایمینگ ارقام Q29 و گیزا به ترتیب همراه با اعمال 10 و 7 روز یک‌بار آبیاری بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل کل را در منطقه کاشمر نشان داد، درحالی‌که در منطقه نیشابور بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل کل تحت تیمار عدم پرایمینگ رقم گیزا به همراه کاربرد 10 روز یک‌بار آبیاری به دست آمد. به‌طورکلی پرایمینگ بذر با سولفات روی و سولفات آهن میتواند سبب بهبود خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی کینوا تحت تنش آبی گردد. در منطقه نیشابور، رقم Q29 اثر غالبی بر تیمار پرایمینگ در مورد محتوای نسبی آب داشت. با توجه به نتایج رقم Q29 در منطقه کاشمر و رقم گیزا در منطقه نیشابور در شرایط کمآبیاری، با حفظ محتوای کلروفیل برگ به رشد و نمو گیاه کمک شایانی خواهد نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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