نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اگروتکنولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی سطوح مختلف پرایمینگ و شوری بر جوانه ­زنی، ماده خشک تولیدی و برخی پاسخ­های فیزیولوژیک گیاه خارشتر دو آزمایش مجزا در آزمایشگاه و گلدانی در شرایط مزرعه به­صورت اسپلیت­فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی شامل سطوح مختلف شوری (شاهد از منبع آب­ شهری با هدایت الکتریکی 0.96 دسی‌زیمنس ­بر متر، 8 و 16 دسی ­زیمنس­ بر متر با استفاده از آب خلیج­فارس) به­عنوان عامل اصلی و روش­های مختلف پرایمینگ بذر [بدون پرایمینگ، هیدروپرایمینگ، پرایمینگ جیبرلین (هورمون جیبرلین 50 پی ­پی ­ام) و هیدروپرایمینگ + پرایمینگ جیبرلین] و گونه ­های (Alhagi maurorum Esfahan ecotype و A. graecorum Khuzestan ecotype) به ­عنوان عامل­های فرعی در چهار تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان ­دهنده تأثیر معنی ­دار برهمکنش شوری × پرایمینگ × گونه بر تمام صفات موردمطالعه به ­جز شدت تعرق و محتوی سدیم و پتاسیم اندام هوایی بود. در مورد شدت تعرق نیز تنها اثرات اصلی شوری و پرایمینگ معنی ­دار بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین برهمکنش سه­ گانه نشان داد بیشترین مقدار صفات درصد جوانه­ زنی، ماده خشک کل، سرعت فتوسنتز، میزان CO2 زیر اتاقک روزنه، کارایی مصرف آب فتوسنتزی و تعداد برگ در گونه Alhagi graecorum Khuzestan ecotype در شرایط شاهد بدون تنش شوری و هیدروپرایمینگ + پرایمینگ جیبرلین (به ترتیب با 29.1، 52.1، 26.8، 98.7، 15.6 و 38.8 درصد افزایش نسبت به تیمار بدون پرایمینگ و عدم اعمال تنش شوری در همین گونه) حاصل شد. بالاترین میزان هدایت مزوفیلی نیز در گونه Alhagi graecorum Khuzestan ecotype و تیمار بدون پرایمینگ در شرایط dS.m-1 8 اعمال تنش شوری (با میانگین mmol CO2.m-2.s-1 0.492) مشاهده گردید. حال به ­منظور کشت و اصلاح اراضی شور حاشیه سواحل و نیز احیای مراتع کشور، گونه Alhagi graecorum Khuzestan ecotype تحت تیمار توأم هیدروپرایمینگ (خوابانیدن بذرها به مدت دو روز در آب مقطر) و پرایمینگ جیبرلین نسبت به­ دیگر سطوح تیماری خوش­ آتیه­ تر به نظر می­رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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