نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
3 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
با رویکرد توجه به محیط‌زیست، استفاده از مواد طبیعی می‌تواند در کاهش اثرات مخرب کودهای شیمیایی و تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد مصنوعی تأثیر‌گذار باشد. در این تحقیق اثر برگ‌‌پاشی اسید هومیک و عصاره سیر بر وزن خشک و جذب عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم در گیاه گندم در شرایط تنش خشکی بررسی شد. این آزمایش در سال 1398 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل در سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه‌ای انجام شد. خاک موردمطالعه با کلاس بافتی لوم، دارای pH 8.11 و EC 1.28 دسی زیمنس بر متر بود. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح 95، 65 و 45 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، کاربرد عصاره سیر به‌صورت برگ‌‌پاشی در سه سطح صفر، 2 و 4 درصد و اسید هومیک به‌صورت برگ‌‌پاشی در دو سطح صفر و 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد برگی اسید هومیک و عصاره سیر هر یک به‌تنهایی، اثر مثبتی بر پارامترهای وزن خشک و جذب نیتروژن و فسفر داشت. علاوه بر این عصاره سیر جذب پتاسیم گیاه را نیز افزایش داد. ازآنجایی‌که تنش خشکی تمام صفات موردبررسی را کاهش داد، برگ‌‌پاشی با عصاره سیر در شرایط تنش خشکی توانست بر جذب نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم تأثیر‌گذار باشد که این اثر در تنشهای کم بیشتر بود به‌طوری‌که در تنش خشکی 65 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، جذب نیتروژن با کاربرد عصاره سیر 2 درصد و جذب فسفر و پتاسیم با کاربرد عصاره سیر 4 درصد عملکرد بهتری نسبت به سایر سطوح عصاره سیر داشت؛ بنابراین به نظر می‌‌رسد که برگ‌‌پاشی با عصاره سیر و اسید هومیک به‌عنوان مواد طبیعی محرک رشد گیاه توانست تأثیر مطلوبی بر رشد و جذب عناصر غذایی گیاه بگذارد که تأثیر عصاره سیر در مقایسه با اسید هومیک بیشتر بود و در شرایط تنش خشکی نیز عصاره سیر تا حدودی توانست اثرات منفی تنش را کاهش دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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