نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه مهندسی ژنتیک وتولید گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد
2 دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه مهندسی ژنتیک وتولید گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد
3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی ژنتیک وتولید گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد
4 استاد، گروه مهندسی ژنتیک وتولید گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی و اسید سالیسیلیک به‌منظور بهبود برخی صفات کیفی و عملکرد کلزا تحت تنش کم‌آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی (1397-1396) در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان اجرا شد. آبیاری در دو سطح (آبیاری در 80 درصد FC و آبیاری در 30 درصد FC) در کرت‌های اصلی و ترکیب عناصر ریزمغذی آهن، روی و منگنز در دو سطح (عدم مصرف و محلول‌پاشی با نسبت 2 در هزار) و عامل اسید سالیسیلیک در چهار سطح (صفر، 0.5، ۱ و 1.5 میلی‌مولار) در کرت‌های فرعی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها نشان داد بیش‌ترین کلروفیل کل (2.23 میلی مول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه)، سرعت تعرق (3.12 میلی مول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه)، عملکرد دانه (4955.7 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و درصد روغن45.7) از ترکیب (عدم تنش کم‌آبی، محلول‌پاشی یک میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک و غلظت دو در هزار کود ریزمغذی حاصل شد. در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی کاربرد هم‌زمان کود ریزمغذی و اسید سالیسیلیک با غلظت یک و نیم میلی‌مولار موجب افزایش معنی‌دار کلروفیل کل (34 درصد)، کارتنوئید (29 درصد) سرعت فتوسنتز (27 درصد) و عملکرد دانه (36 درصد) نسبت به تیمار شاهد (بدون کاربرد کود ریزمغذی و اسید سالیسیلیک) شد. لذا استفاده از کود ریزمغذی (آهن+ روی+ منگنز) با غلظت دو در هزار به همراه غلظت یک و نیم میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک جهت کاهش اثرات سوء تنش کم‌آبی و حصول عملکرد مناسب توصیه می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
Ahmadi, K., Ebadzadeh, H., Hatami, F., Mohammadnia, Sh., Esfandiaripour, E and Abbastaghani, R. 2018. Statistics of Agricultural crops. Information and Communication Technology Center of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad, Vol. 1 [In Persian].
Akbari, J., Maleki, A., 2018. The effect of ascorbic acid and salicylic acid foliar on vegetative properties and yield and yield components of Vigna unguiculata L. under drought stress. Applied Research of Plant Ecophysiology, 4,159-180. [In Persian].
Alizadeh, A., 2002. Drought and the need for management in water consumption. agricultural drought and drought quarterly. No. 3, 3 - 7.
Baljani, R., Shekari, F., 2012. The effect of pretreatment with salicylic acid on the relationship between growth and yield indices in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under drought stress conditions at the end of the season. Journal of Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production. 22, 1-17.
Briat, J.F., Curie, C., F. Gaymard, F., 2007. Iron utilization and metabolism in plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 10, 276-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2007.04.003
Borg, M., Berger, F., 2015. Chromatin remodelling during male gametophyte development. The Plant Journal. 83, 177-188. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12856.
Curie, C., Briat, J.F., 2003. Iron transport and signaling in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology.54,183:206. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.54.031902.135018.
Din, J., Khan, S. U., Ali, I., Gurmani, A. R., 2011. Physiological and agronomic response of canola varieties to drought stress. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences. 21, 78-82.
Edvards, J., Hartel, K., 2011. Canola Growth and Development. Department of Primary Industries, State of New South Wales Through, Sydney, Australia.
EI-Tayeb, M. A., 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation. 45, 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-005-4928-1
Ezzati, N., A, Maleki, A., Fathi, A. 2019. The effect of drought stress and foliar application of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid on quantitative and qualitative yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology, 56, 94-109. [In Persian]. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.76712423.1398.14.56.5.9
Fani, A., Hasibi, P., Mesgar bashi, M., Mehdi Khanlou, Kh., Seyed Ahmadi, S.A., 2019. Evaluation of the effect of drought stress and silica foliar application on some physiological characteristics of rapeseed cultivars. Scientific Journal of Crop Physiology. 4, 5-15. [In Persian].
FAO., 2018. Foodoutlook. Global Market Analysis. http://www.fao.foodoutlook.com
Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D. Basra, SM. A., 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29, 185-212.
Fateh H., Siosemardeh, A.M., Sharafi, S., 2012. Effect of drought stress on photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of barley, International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences. 1, 33-42.
Ghanbari M., Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, A., Talebi-Siah Saran, P., 2019. Effect of bio-fertilizers on yield components, yield, protein and oil of soybean (Glycine max L.) Under different irrigation regimes. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology, 13, 1-15. [In Persian].dor: https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.76712423.1397.13.52.1.0
Gholi Nejad, A., Aynehband, A., Qartapi, A., Bernoush, A., Reza, M., 2008. Evaluation of drought stress on yield, yield components and harvest index of isofluor hybrid sunflower at different levels of nitrogen and plant population in Urmia climatic conditions. Journal of Plant Production. 16, 1-27. [In Persian].
Heidary. A., Bijanzadeh, A., Naderi, A., Imam, Y., 2016. Effect of end-of-season drought stress and salicylic acid on seed yield and plant shading in two rapeseed cultivars. Journal of Crop Physiology. 7.37-53. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22067/JCESC.2022.75768.1152
Idrees, M., Khan, M. A., Naeem, M., Aftab, T., Hashmi, N. Alam, M., 2011. Modulation of defence responses by improving photosynthetic activity, antioxidative metabolism and vincristine and vinblastine accumulation in (Catharanthus roseus L.) through salicylic acid under water stress. Russian Agriculture Sciences. 37, 474-482. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367411060127
Jabbari, H., Khosh Sima, N. A., Shirani Rad. A. H., 2017. Changes in fatty acid composition of seed oil in autumn rapeseed cultivars under drought stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Applied Research.30, 81-66. https://doi.org/10.22092/AJ.2018.116547.1226
Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Kishorekumar, A., Sankar, B., Gopi, R., Somasundaram, R., Panneerselvam, R., 2007. Alterations in osmoregulation, antioxidant enzymes and indole alkaloid levels in Catharanthus roseus exposed to water deficit. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 59, 150-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.05.001.
Kalantar Ahmadi1, S.A., Ebadi, A., Daneshian, J., Siadat, S.A., Jahanbakhsh, S., 2017. Effect of drought stress and foliar application of growth regulators on photosynthetic pigments and seed yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cv. Hyola 401. Iranian Journal Crop Sciences. 18, 196-217. [In Persian]. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.15625540.1395.18.3.2.5
Kamrgi, H., Glovi, M., 2012. Evaluation of foliar application of iron micronutrients, zinc and zinc on the quantitative and qualitative properties of safflower. Journal of Agricultural Ecology.3,206201. https://doi.org/10.22067/JAG.V4I3.15308
Keshavarz, H., Modares Sanavi, S.A.M., 2014. Effect of salicylic acid on chlorophyll, some growth characteristics and yield of two rapeseed cultivars. Journal of Crop Production. 7, 161-178. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22069/EJCP.2022.6095
Khademi, Z., Rezaei, H., Malakouti, M.J., Mohajer Milani, P., 2001. Optimal nutrition of canola is an important step in increasing yield and improving oil quality (fertilizer recommendation for producers in Iranian soils). Education publication. Karaj. P 31.
Khan, W., Prithiviraj, B., Smith, D., 2003. Photosynthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar application of salicylates. Journal of Plant Physiology. 160, 48592. https://doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-00865
Khodabin, Q., Tahmasebi Sarvestani, Z., Shirani Rad, A.J., Modares Sanavi, S.A.M., Bakhshande, A., 2019. The effect of irrigation cut-off and foliar application of zinc and manganese on yield and ecophysiological traits of rapeseed. Iranian Journal of Crop Research. 18,100-85. [In Persian].
Lichtenthaler, H.K., 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology. 148, 350-382.
Majidi, M.M., Jafarzadeh, M., Rashidi, F., Mirlohi, A., 2015. Effect of drought stress on yield and some physiological traits in Canola varieties. Journal of Plant Process and Function.3,59-70. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23222727.1393.3.9.11.8
Ministry of Agriculture. 2015. Instructions for rapeseed cultivation using French winter hybrid cultivars. Print Agricultural Support Services Company. P. 23.
Moghadam, H.R.T., Ghooshchi, F.H., Zahedi. H., 2018. Effect of UV radiation and elevated CO2 on physiological attributes of canola (Brassica napus L.) grown under water stress | the effect of elevated UV and CO2 radiation on physiological characteristics of canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivated under hydric stress. UDO Agricola. 12, 353- 368.
Mohammadi. H., Javadzadeh, R., Pasban Islam, B., Parviz, L., 2018. Investigation of the effects of drought stress and salicylic acid on growth and physiological parameters of four spring rapeseed cultivars. Iranian Journal of Crop Research.14.4,807-819. d https://doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2023.354327.669439
Monajam, S., Ahmadi, A., Mohamadi, V., 2011. Effect of drought stress on on photosynthesis, partitioning of photo- assimilates and grain yield in rapeseed cultivars. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 13, 533-547. [in Persian]. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.15625540.1390.13.3.7.5
Nasri, M., Khalatbari, V., 2008. Investigation of the effect of micronutrient foliar application concentration on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of rapeseed cultivars in Varamin region. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Knowledge. 2, 213-107.
Normohamadi, GH., Siadat, A.S., Kashsni, A. A., 2010. Crop Growing. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Publications. 446p.
Payendeh, Kh., Mujaddam, M., Droudgar, N., 2018. Application of micronutrients on quantitative and qualitative yield of rapeseed under drought stress conditions. Journal of Crop Physiology. Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 10, 23-37. [In Persian].
Payendeh, Kh., Mujaddam, M., Droudgar, N., 2020. Study of quality and yield of rapeseed seed Hayola 401 with composite fertilizers of iron, zinc and manganese under irrigation stress. Journal of Environmental Stresses in Agricultural Sciences. 13, 109-119. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22077/escs.2019.1800.1414
Pirzad, A.R., Tusi, P., darviszadeh, R., 2011. The effect of foliar application of iron and zinc on plant traits and anise essential oil. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 15, 12-23. [InPersian]. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.15625540.1392.15.1.2.0
Rajaie, M., Ziaeyan, A.H., 2009. Combined effect of zinc and boron on yield and nutrients accumulation in corn. International Journal of Plant Production. 3, 35-440. https://doi.org/10.22069/IJPP.2012.650
Rezaeichiane, A., Khoramdel, S., Molodi, A., Rahimi, A., 2017. Effects of nano chelated zinc and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on some agronomic and physiological characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under drought stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Filed Crops Research. 15, 168-184. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22067/GSC.V15I1.49876
Ravi, S., Channal, H.T., Hebsur, N.S., Patil, B.N., Dharmatti, P.R., 2008. Effect of sulphur, zinc and iron nutrition on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L). Karnataka Journal Agriculture Science. 32, 382-385.
Refay, Y.A., 2011. Yield and yield components parameters of bread wheat genotypes as affected by sowing dates. Middle-East Journal Science Research. 7, 484-489.
Sahraei, E., Maleki, A., Pazoki, A., Fathi, A., 2018. The effect of salicylic and ascorbic acid on Ecophysiological characteristics an German chamomile essences in deficit of water. Applied Research of Plant Ecophysiology. 5, 117-142.
Shakirova, M.F., Sakhabutdinova, M.V., Bezrukova, R.A., Fatkhutdinova, F.D., 2003. Changes in the hormonal status of pearl millet seedlings induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Journal of Plant Sciences. 164, 317-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(02)00415-6
Shah, S.H. 2011. Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Nigella sativa L. as affected by presowing seed treatment with kinetin. Photosynthetica 49: 154-160.
Shi, Q., Bao, Z., Zhu, Z., Ying, Q., Qian, Q., 2006. Effects of different treatments of salicylic acid on heat tolerance, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme activity in seedlings of Cucumis sativa L. Plant Growth Reg. 39, 137-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-005-5482-6
Taher, M., Roshdi, M., Khalili Mahalleh, J., Kharazmi, K., Haji Hassani Asl, N., 2010. The effect of different methods of micro nutrients usage on yield and yield components of grain corn in Khoy city. Research in Agronomy Siensce.1,72-84. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijfcs.2017.122854.653856
Vahedi, A. 2014. mechanization of rapeseed. print sokhanvaran. P.157.
Waraich, E.A., Ahmad, R., Halim, A., Aziz, T., 2012. Alleviation of temperature stress by nutrient management in crop plants: A review. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 12,221-244. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162012000200003
)