نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
2 دانشیار گروه ژنتیک و تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده کشاورزی
3 دانشیار گروه خاک، دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده کشاورزی
4 استاد گروه خاک دانشگاه نیوساوت‌ولز، استرالیا
چکیده
آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با پنج تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در دو سال زراعی متوالی 1399 و 1400 بر روی گیاه جو رقم جلگه انجام شد. در این آزمایش دو سطح آبیاری (آبیاری کامل به‌عنوان شاهد و قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی)، چهار سطح بیوچار (بدون بیوچار به عنوان شاهد، 0.25، 0.5 و یک درصد وزن خاک) و سه سطح هورمون متیل جاسمونات همزمان با گلدهی و اعمال تنش (بدون محلول پاشی به عنوان شاهد، 50 و 100 میکرومول در لیتر متیل جاسمونات) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. بر این اساس تنش، بیوچار و متیل جاسمونات بر محتوای پرولین، کربوهیدرات، نشت الکترولیت‌ها، غلظت رنگ‌دانه‌های فتوسنتزی، وزن خشک کل، تعداد سنبله بارور، وزن هزاردانه و همچنین عملکرد اقتصادی جو تاثیر معنی‌دار گذاشتند. علی‌رغم اینکه غلظت پرولین و کربوهیدرات و میزان نشت الکترولیت در اثر تنش خشکی افزایش و غلظت رنگ‌دانه‌های فتوسنتزی کاهش یافت، اما استفاده از بیوچار به میزان 0.25 وزن خاک و محلول‌پاشی متیل جاسمونات به غلظت 50 میکرومول در لیتر در بسیاری از صفات مورد مطالعه باعث تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی شده و در نهایت منجر به بهبود رشد و عملکرد جو شدند. از نتایج به دست آمده در آزمایش مشخص شد که استفاده از سطوح بالای این مواد ضد تنش در بعضی از موارد نه تنها نمی‌توانند اثرات مطلوبی در جلوگیری از اثرات مخرب تنش خشکی داشته باشند، بلکه در مواردی منجر به تشدید این اثرات شده و باعث کاهش رشد و عملکرد گیاه می‌شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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