نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز
2 عضو هیئت‌علمی، گروه زراعت، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی و فسفر بر کاهش اثرات کم‌آبیاری در گیاه دارویی اسطوخدوس، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرتهای دو بار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تبریز در سال زراعی 98-97 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سطوح آبیاری (آبیاری پس از 60، 90 و 120 میلیمتر از تشت تبخیر کلاس A) به عنوان عامل اصلی و تلقیح با کود زیستی در چهار سطح (تلقیح با تیوباسیلوس، پسودوموناس و تیوباسیلوس+پسودوموناس و عدم تلقیح به‌عنوان شاهد) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی و سطوح فسفر در دو سطح (0 و 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات برهمکنش بین سطوح آبیاری، فسفر و کود زیستی بر وزن خشک گل، نشت غشای سلولی، قندهای محلول، محتوای پرولین، آنزیمهای کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و مالون دی‌آلدئید معنی دار اما بر نشت غشای سلولی، وزن خشک برگ و محتوای نسبی آب برگ معنی دار نبود. نتایج نشان داد که در کلیه سطوح آبیاری، مصرف فسفر و تلقیح با کودهای زیستی موجب افزایش وزن خشک گل نسبت به شاهد شد. بیشترین وزن خشک گل (833.3 گرم در هکتار)، محتوای پرولین (4.828 میلیگرم بر گرم وزن تر)، قندهای محلول (1.936 میلیگرم بر گرم وزن تر)، فعالیت آنزیمهای کاتالاز (0.1147 تغییرات جذب در میکروگرم پروتئین بر دقیقه)، پراکسیداز (0.1193 تغییرات جذب در میکروگرم پروتئین بر دقیقه، سوپراکسیددیسموتاز (0.6173 تغییرات جذب در میکروگرم پروتئین بر دقیقه) و مالوندی‌آلدئید (5.343 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر) در آبیاری بعد از 60 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشت، 50 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار و کاربرد تیوباسیلوس+پسودوموناس حاصل گردید. باکتریهای محرک رشد به همراه کاربرد فسفر میتواند اثر مثبتی بر کاهش اثرات منفی تنش آبی داشته باشد و موجب افزایش عملکرد گل در گیاه اسطوخودوس شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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