نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
4 دکترای فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه ارومیه
چکیده
به منظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی و نانوسیلیکون بر فرآیند انتقال مجدد ماده خشک و عملکرد دانه گندم در شرایط قطع آبیاری، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال زراعی 98-1397 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سطوح آبیاری (آبیاری کامل به‌عنوان سطح شاهد، قطع آبیاری در 50% مرحله سنبله‌دهی به عنوان محدودیت ملایم و قطع آبیاری در 50% مرحله چکمه ای شدن به‌عنوان محدودیت شدید آبی بر اساس کد 55 و 43 مقیاس BBCH)، محلول پاشی نانوسیلیکون (محلول پاشی با آب به عنوان شاهد، 30 و 60 میلی گرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون) و کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد به عنوان شاهد، کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا (Glomus mosseae)، کاربرد توأم فلاوباکتریوم و سودوموناس، کاربرد توأم مایکوریزا با باکتریها) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد توأم مایکوریزا با باکتریها در شرایط آبیاری کامل سهم انتقال ماده خشک (27.33%) و سهم ذخایر ساقه (17.77%) در عملکرد دانه را کاهش، ولی میزان فتوسنتز جاری (305.10 گرم در مترمربع) و سهم فتوسنتز جاری در عملکرد دانه (72.66%) را افزایش داد. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه (4593 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و شاخص برداشت (38.4%) از کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و 30 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون در شرایط آبیاری کامل به دست آمد. حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ، زیست‌توده کل و اجزای عملکرد با کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و 60 میلی گرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون در شرایط آبیاری کامل به دست آمد. بر اساس نتایج این بررسی، به نظر می‌رسد محلول پاشی 30 میلی گرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون، کاربرد توأم قارچ مایکوریزا و باکتریهای محرک رشد میتواند به عنوان یک فاکتور مدیریتی مناسب برای افزایش عملکرد دانه گندم در شرایط محدودیت آبی باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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