نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ورامین پیشوا
2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ورامین پیشوا
چکیده
این آزمایش به منظور بررسی تأثیر مایه‌زنی میکروبی و کود اوره بر گیاه سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea) تحت تنش کم‌آبی در دو سال زراعی 1396-1397 و 1397-1398 در روستای ایجان واقع در شهرستان خنداب استان مرکزی انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کرتهای 2 بار خردشده با 3 تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل کم‌آبیاری در کرت اصلی در 3 سطح 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشت تبخیر کلاس A بود. فاکتور دوم شامل کود حیوانی (گاوی) در پلات فرعی در دو سطح، عدم استفاده از کود و 20 تن در هکتار بود. فاکتور سوم کود زیستی و کود اوره در پلات فرعی فرعی در چهار سطح کاربرد کود زیستی ازتوباکتر+آزوسپیریلوم، میکوریز، ازتوباکتر + آزوسپیریلوم + میکوریز و کاربرد کود اوره (300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین وزن گل در تیمار کاربرد توأم ازتوباکتر + آزوسپریلیوم + میکوریز و کاربرد کود دامی (295.9 گرم در مترمربع) حاصل شد که اختلاف معنی داری با کاربرد اوره داشت. اختلاف بین بیش‌ترین وزن گل در تیمار ذکرشده با کم‌ترین مقدار معادل 36 درصد بود. در تیمار عدم کاربرد کود دامی نیز بیش‌ترین وزن گل در تیمار کاربرد ازتوباکتر + آزوسپریلیوم + میکوریز (236.3 گرم در مترمربع) حاصل شد. اثر متقابل کود دامی و کود زیستی بر اسید شیکوریک معنیدار بود. بیش‌ترین اسید شیکوریک در تیمار کاربرد توأم ازتوباکتر + آزوسپریلیوم + میکوریز و کاربرد کود دامی (7.53 میکروگرم بر گرم ماده خشک) حاصل شد. کم‌ترین اسید شیکوریک در تیمار کاربرد میکوریز و عدم کاربرد کود دامی (5.76 میلیگرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ) حاصل شد. در تیمار عدم کاربرد کود دامی بیش‌ترین اسید شیکوریک در تیمار ازتوباکتر + آزوسپریلیوم + میکوریز حاصل شد. به طورکلی مایه‌زنی میکروبی توانست عملکرد کمی و کیفی نزدیک و گاها بیش‌تر از تیمار کود اوره به دست آمد که این نتیجه می‌تواند راهنمایی برای شناسایی سویه های خاک و تولید کودهای زیستی سازگار برای مناطق با اقلیم و یا خاک مشابه و کاربرد آنها در مزارع باشد.
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