نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تاثیر کاربرد سایکوسل و سیلیکون بر ویژگی‌های بیوشیمیایی، اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد دانه دو رقم گندم تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری در سال زراعی 98-1397 به صورت کرت‌های دو بار خرد شده بر پایه‌ی طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار در اصفهان انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل دو سطح تنش آبی (آبیاری کامل و آبیاری به میزان 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) به عنوان فاکتور اصلی، سایکوسل و سیلیکون (شاهد، 20 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون، 1700میکرو‌مولار سایکوسل و کاربرد توام20 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون +1700میکرو مولار سایکوسل) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی و دو رقم گندم (چمران و سیروان) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه به میزان 35.55 و 66.00درصد در رقم چمران و سیروان و همچنین کاهش اجزای عملکرد دانه و محتوای نسبی آب برگ دو رقم گندم گردید. در شرایط تنش کاربرد سیلیکون، سایکوسل و سیلیکون+ سایکوسل باعث افزایش عملکرد دانه به میزان 15.63، 16.60 و 24.32 درصد در رقم چمران و افزایش 10.25، 16.02 و 19.25 درصدی عملکرد دانه در رقم سیروان گردید. همچنین خشکی باعث افزایش آنزیم‌های پراکسیداز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز، کاتالاز، سوپر اکسید دسموتاز و همزمان افزایش قند‌های محلول، پتاسیم، منیزیم وکلسیم در بافت‌های برگی گردید. کاربرد سیلیکون و سایکوسل باعث افزایش آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانی و تجمع اسمولیت‌ها و کاهش مقدار مالونید الدئید و پراکسید هیدروژن در شرایط تنش گردید. تاثیر کاربرد توام سیلیکون و سایکوسل بر بهبود عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد دانه بواسطه بهبود محتوای نسبی آب، حفظ پتانسیل آب بالاتر، افزایش غلظت قند، پروتئین، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم و افزایش آنتی اکسیدانت‌های سلول در شرایط تنش بیشتر از کاربرد مجزای آنها بود. بنابراین کاربرد سیلیکون و سایکوسل با کاهش اثرات منفی تنش آبی، می‌تواند پتانسیل تولید گندم را در شرایط خشکی افزایش دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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