نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

3 ار، گروه زیست‌شناسی دریایی، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران

چکیده

برای بررسی واکنش‌های رشدی و عملکرد گیاه به نیتروژن و متانول تحت تنش خشکی آزمایش کرت‌های دوبار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال زراعی 1399-1398 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تنش آبیاری با 4 سطح (شاهد بدون تنش، آبیاری در زمان 80 درصد، 60 درصد و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی خاک) در کرت‌های اصلی، نیتروژن با 4 سطح (شاهد، 30، 60 و 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در کرت‌های فرعی و متانول با 3 سطح (صفر، 10 و 30 درصد) در کرت‌های فرعی فرعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش تنش آبیاری شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد گیاه کاهش یافت، در-حالی‌که با افزایش غلظت نیتروژن و متانول شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد افزایش پیدا کرد. برهم‌کنش کاربرد 10 درصد متانول و 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، ارتفاع و طول ریشه را به میزان 9 و 16 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. همچنین برهم‌کنش سه‌گانه تیمارهای آبیاری شاهد، کاربرد 30کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و 10 درصد متانول، سرعت رشد محصول را 17.44 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. کاربرد سطوح بالای نیتروژن و متانول تحت تنش شدید باعث کاهش میزان عملکرد دانه گردید. بطور کلی نتایج نشان داد که برهم‌کنش سه‌گانه تیمارهای بدون تنش آبیاری، کاربرد 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و کاربرد 10 درصد متانول سبب افزایش معنی‌دار (3.6 درصد) عملکرد دانه شد که با توجه به اهمیت و ارزش اقتصادی گیاه سیاه‌دانه در صنایع دارویی کاربرد این تیمار برای تولیدکنندگان این گیاه توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

 
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