نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند
2 پژوهشگر مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد
3 عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند
4 گروه پژوهشی گیاه و تنش‌های محیطی، دانشگاه بیرجند
چکیده
تنش‌های محیطی به‌ویژه تنش خشکی از طریق تأثیر بر فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی و فیتوهورمون‌ها سنتز مواد مؤثره گیاهی را شدیداً تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند. در این راستا آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 98-1397 در مشهد روی گیاه آویشن باغی اجرا شد. کرت اصلی شامل سه سطح تأمین رطوبت (در 40، 65 و 90 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و کرت فرعی سطوح الیسیتوری شامل (1) شاهد عدم کاربرد، (2) 150 میکرومولار سیکلودکسترین، (3) 75 نانومولار کروناتین + 150 میکرومولار سیکلودکسترین، (4) 150 نانومولار کروناتین + 150 میکرومولار سیکلودکسترین، (5) 150 میکرومولار متیل جاسمونات + 150 میکرومولار سیکلودکسترین و (6) 300 میکرومولار متیل جاسمونات + 150 میکرومولار سیکلودکسترین بودند. بالاترین میزان محتوای پرولین برگ (از 5.5 تا 5.8 میکرومول بر گرم برگ تازه) در برهمکنش 4 سطح دارای تیماری الیسیتور (سطوح 3، 4، 5 و 6) تحت سطح تأمین رطوبت در 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی در یک گروه، مشاهده شدند. بیشترین و کمترین نشت الکترولیت‌ها (به ترتیب 47.6 و 22.1 درصد) مربوط به برهمکنش تیمارهای الیسیتوری کنترل در سطح تأمین رطوبت 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و تیمار 150 میکرومولار متیل‌جاسمونات + 150 میکرومولار سیکلودکسترین در سطح تأمین رطوبت در 90 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بود. بیشترین عملکرد خشک سرشاخه، برگ و اسانس (به ترتیب 5.64، 3.2 تن و 65.9 کیلوگرم در هکتار) تحت تأمین رطوبت در 90 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به دست آمد. به‌غیراز درصد اسانس، همبستگی بسیار معنی‌داری بین کلیه صفات اندازه‌گیری شده شامل قطر تاج پوشش، ارتفاع، نشت الکترولیت‌ها، محتوای پرولین، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، عملکرد تر و خشک سرشاخه، عملکرد خشک برگ و ساقه و عملکرد اسانس برقرار بود. اگرچه برهمکنش تیمارها بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی تأثیرگذار بود اما عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاهان تحت تأثیر سطوح رطوبتی قرار گرفتند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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