نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز
چکیده
به‌منظور تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی بر گیاه دیلار، پیش تیمار بذر و محلول پاشی گیاهچه با اسپرمیدین و ملاتونین در دو مرحله جداگانه در آزمایشگاه و گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه شیراز در سال زراعی 1398 – 1399 اجرا شد. در مرحله اول، آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل دو فاکتوره در قالب بلوکهای کاملاً تصادفی و با چهار تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تنش خشکی در هفت سطح پتانسیل اسمزی صفر (شاهد)، 0.2-، 0.4-، 0.6-، 0.8-، 1- و 1.2- مگاپاسکال، پیش اندازی بذر با اسپرمیدین در پنج سطح، صفر، 0.5، 1، 1.5 و 2 میلی-مولار و پیشاندازی بذر با ملاتونین در پنج سطح، صفر، 0.125، 0.250، 0.375 و 0.500 میلی مولار بودند. پس از اجرای مرحله اول بهترین تیمارهای آزمایشی انتخاب شد و در مرحله بعد (گلخانه)، آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل سه فاکتوره در قالب بلوکهای کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار انجام گردید. تنش خشکی در سه سطح آبیاری در 10 درصد تخلیه ظرفیت زراعی (آبیاری مطلوب)، آبیاری در 40 درصد تخلیه ظرفیت زراعی (تنش ملایم) و آبیاری در 70 درصد تخلیه ظرفیت زراعی بود، پیشاندازی بذر در سه سطح: بدون پیش اندازی (شاهد)، پیش اندازی با اسپرمیدین، پیش اندازی با ملاتونین و همچنین محلول پاشی گیاهچه در سه سطح: بدون محلول پاشی، محلول پاشی با اسپرمیدین و محلول پاشی با ملاتونین اعمال شدند. پیش اندازی بذر با بهترین تیمار آزمایشگاه قبل از کشت بذر و محلول پاشی با بهترین تیمار انتخابی آزمایشگاه در مرحله ساقه روی و ابتدای گلدهی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که غلظتهای 1.5 اسپرمیدین و 0.375 میلی مولار ملاتونین بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی را داشتند. در گلخانه نیز تیمارهای آزمایشی اثر معنی داری بر افزایش هدایت روزنه، رطوبت نسبی برگ، کاتالاز و پروتئین محلول در برگ نشان دادند. به‌طورکلی پیش تیمار بذر و همچنین محلول پاشی گیاهچه با 0.375 میلی مولار ملاتونین بیشترین تأثیر را بر تعدیل تنش خشکی داشت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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