نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، فیزیولوژی گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تقویت چرخ ه‏های طبیعی زیست‌بوم و احیاء جنگل‏ها و مراتع دست کاشت بهترین راه‌حل اساسی کنترل فرسایش بادی است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر تنش ریزگرد بر خصوصیات رشدی دو گونه سالسولا (Salsola imbricata) و سالیکورنیا (Salicornia iranica) در تاریخ‏های مختلف کاشت بود. فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش شامل، سه تاریخ کاشت یک فروردین، 15 فروردین،31 فروردین به‌عنوان کرت‏های اصلی، تنش ریزگرد در سه سطح (شاهد (بدون اعمال ریزگرد)، پخش ریزگرد روی گیاه به مدت 5 روز و 10 روز) به‌عنوان کرت‏های فرعی و گونه گیاهی به‌عنوان کرت فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. در گیاه سالیکورنیا بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a و b (به ترتیب 57 و 44 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر)، عملکرد تر و خشک علوفه (به ترتیب 228 و 46 گرم)، درصد پروتئین (15 درصد) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت دوم در تیمار شاهد، بیشترین درصد رطوبت نسبی برگ (80 درصد) و پایداری غشا (62 درصد) در تاریخ کاشت اول در تیمار شاهد، بیشترین میزان کربوهیدرات محلول (17.46 میلی‏گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت دوم در تیمار ده روز اعمال تنش ریزگرد مشاهده شد. در گیاه سالسولا نیز بیشترین مقدار کربوهیدرات (17 میلی‏گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت سوم در تیمار 5 روز اعمال ریزگرد، بیشترین درصد پروتئین (18 درصد) در تاریخ کاشت سوم در تیمار شاهد و بیشترین کلروفیل a و b (به ترتیب 58 و 42 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ)، درصد رطوبت نسبی برگ (62 درصد) و پایداری غشای سلولی (75 درصد) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت اول در تیمار شاهد و بیشترین عملکرد علوفه تر و خشک (به ترتیب 1073 و 216 گرم) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت دوم در تیمار شاهد بود؛ بنابراین، باتوجه‌به نتایج به دست آمد گیاه سالسولا و سالیکورنیا می‏توانند انتخاب مناسبی برای کشت در کانون ریزگرد و کنترل ریزگردها باشند

کلیدواژه‌ها

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