نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحدمهاباد، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، مهاباد، ایران
2 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران
3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحدمهاباد، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، مهاباد، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلول پاشی عناصر غذایی بر عملکرد و کیفیت دانه ارقام گندم نان آزمایشی در دو سال زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندوآب در استان آذربایجان غربی انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آبیاری در دو سطح نرمال و تنش کم آبی به کرت های اصلی و کرت تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی با عناصر روی، پتاسیم، فسفر، منیزیم و هیومیک‌اسید و چهار رقم گندم اروم، زارع، میهن و حیدری بصورت فاکتوریل به کرت‌های فرعی اختصاص یافت. در این بررسی محلول پاشی روی، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، محتوی آهن، منگنز، روی و مس را تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال به ترتیب 9.30، 15.969، 18.30، 35.35، 102.10، 18.43 و 20.45 درصد و تحت شرایط تنش کم آبی به ترتیب 9.73، 4.36 ، 9.00، 41.48، 65.51، 43.24 و 29.78 درصد افزایش داد. تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی در رقم میهن بالاترین وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، محتوی منگنز، روی و مس دانه را به خود اختصاص داد، تحت شرایط تنش کم‌آبی نیز بالاترین وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، محتوی منگنز و روی دانه به محلول پاشی عنصر روی در رقم میهن اختصاص یافت. در این بررسی محلول‌پاشی رقم میهن با تیمارهای روی، پتاسیم، فسفر و اسید هیومیک عملکرد مساوی و بیشتر از تیمار شاهد محلول پاشی تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال داشت و توانست جایگزین بخشی از آب مورد نیاز برای آبیاری شود، بنابراین محلول پاشی تیمارهای مذکور همراه با انتخاب رقم مناسب می تواند راهکاری برای بهبود عملکرد کمی و کیفی گندم در مناطقی باشد که گیاه دوره های از تنش کم آبی را با شدت های مختلف تجربه می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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