نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج

4 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج

چکیده

به منظور بررسی توان پالایش فلز کادمیوم توسط چند گونه گیاهی و بیوچار در شرایط تنش خشکی آزمایشی در سال های 1397 – 1396 به صورت دوساله در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج به اجرا در آمد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در 3 تکرار بود. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل نمک کلرید کادمیوم در چهار سطح (شاهد، 10 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم ، 20 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم ، 30 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم)، بیوچار در سه سطح (شاهد، بیوچار در زمان کشت سال اول، بیوچار بعد از برداشت سال اول و در زمان کشت سال دوم)، 3 گونه گیاه زراعی (شبدر، یونجه، کلزا) و تنش خشکی (شاهد، 40 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل دسترس ، 60 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل) بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثرات متقابل سه گانه کادمیوم، گونه گیاه زراعی، تنش خشکی برای همه صفات مورد بررسی و اثرات متقابل سه گانه کادمیوم، گونه گیاه زراعی، بیوچار فقط برای صفات سنجش عنصر فلزی، ضریب تجمع، ضریب استخراج با سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار شد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین میزان کادمیوم در اندام هوایی(2.68 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم وزن خشک گیاه) که نشاندهنده افزایش 99.96 درصدی نسبت به تیمار شاهد و ریشه (1.78 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم وزن خشک گیاه) که نشاندهنده افزایش 99.43 درصدی نسبت به تیمار شاهد بود، مربوط به تیمار کلزا در سطح کادمیوم 30 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم و در شرایط تنش خشکی 60 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل دسترس بود. بیشترین میانگین سنجش عنصر فلزی، ضریب تجمع و ضریب استخراج نیز مربوط به گیاه کلزا بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان دهنده این مطلب بود که گیاه کلزا دارای قدرت جذب و انتقال بیشتر فلز کادمیوم نسبت به شبدر و یونجه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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