نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند

3 گروه پژوهشی گیاه و تنش‌های محیطی، دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر سوپرجاذب، سولفات پتاسیم و کم آبیاری بر رشد و عملکرد کنجد آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال 1397 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری کامل، آبیاری تا 50 درصد گلدهی و آبیاری تا 50 درصد ظهور کپسول‌ها)، سه سطح کود پتاسیم (عدم مصرف، مصرف براساس توصیه کودی و 1.5 برابر توصیه کودی) و دو سطح سوپرجاذب (صفر و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. آبیاری بر کلیه صفات غیر از شاخه جانبی معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه به ترتیب در تیمار آبیاری کامل و مصرف سوپرجاذب (2650.77 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تیمار آبیاری تا گلدهی و عدم مصرف سوپرجاذب (510.44 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مشاهده شد. پتاسیم بر کلیه صفات غیر از تعداد دانه در کپسول، تعداد کپسول در بوته و روز تا رسیدگی معنی‌دار شد. کاربرد پتاسیم باعث کاهش اثرات منفی کم‌آبی بر عملکرد شد. با کاربرد پتاسیم از هر سطح کم‌آبیاری، اثرات سوء تنش آبی تعدیل شد. از آنجا که در بیشتر موارد کاربرد پتاسیم برابر توصیه کودی تفاوت معنی‌داری با تیمار 1.5 برابر توصیه کودی نداشت، می‌توان با کاربرد کود پتاسه بر اساس آزمون خاک تنش آبی را تا حد قابل قبولی تعدیل کرد. لذا با توجه به نقش پتاسیم و اثرات مثبت پلیمرهای سوپرجاذب در شرایط کم‌آبی، وجود این مواد می-تواند در تحمل‌پذیری و افزایش عملکرد در شرایط کم‌آبی موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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