نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 استاد گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 استادیار مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح شوری ناشی از کلرید سدیم بر جوانه‌زنی (در محیط کشت پتری‌دیش) و رشد گیاهچه (کشت گلدانی) گیاه سالیکورنیا دو آزمایش مجزا هریک به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال 1398 در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی در دو آزمایش شامل شش سطح شوری (شاهد با استفاده از آب مقطر، 10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) و سه گونه گیاه سالیکورنیا (Gorgan ecotype S. persica، S. biglovii و S. europaea) بودند. نتایج نشان‌دهنده اثر معنی‌دار برهمکنش شوری و گونه بر صفات مورد مطالعه در هر دو آزمایش بود. در هرسه گونه به جز در صفات ضریب یکنواختی جوانه‌زنی، درصد آب بافتی گیاهچه و فنول کل، بیشترین مقدار تمام صفات در تیمار شاهد و کمترین مقدار آن در سطح 50 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر اعمال شوری مشاهده شد. به نحوی که بیشترین درصد آب بافتی گیاهچه (با میانگین 89.44 درصد) در تیمار شوری 40 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و گونه S. europaea بدست آمد. همچنین بیشترین مقدار فنول کل و فلاوونوئید نیز در تیمار شوری 20 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و گونه S. persica به‌ترتیب با میانگین‌های 0.156 و 0.031 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر مشاهده شد. بر اساس نتایج تابع سیگموئیدی (گامپرتز) نیز (R2adj≥0.95 و RMSE≤3.25) با افزایش سطوح شوری از سطح شاهد به 50 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر، زمان رسیدن به 50 درصد جوانه‌زنی به‌ترتیب از 5.73 به 16.20 روز در گونه S. persica ، از 4.42 به 17.07 روز در گونه S. biglovii و 5.75 به 11.95 روز در گونه S. europaea افزایش یافت. حال با آگاهی از رفتار متفاوت گونه‌ها در سطوح بالاتر از 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر اعمال شوری، بررسی دقیق‌تر عکس‌العمل‌های گیاهی به سطوح شوری بین شاهد (آب مقطر) و تیمار 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی این گونه‌ها قابل توصیه است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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