نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی‌، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی مشکین‌شهر، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد هورمون بتا-استرادیول در افزایش تحمل به تنش خشکی ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف سیب‌زمینی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه شرکت فناوری زرع گستر آرتا در شهرستان اردبیل در سال 1398 انجام شد. تیمارهای تنش کم‌آبی در سه سطح (آبیاری با تأمین 100، 60 و 40 درصد آب قابل‌استفاده) و بتا-استرادیول در سه سطح صفر (شاهد)، 12-10 و 6-10 مولار، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های اصلی و 10 ژنوتیپ سیب­زمینی در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که در بین ژنوتیپ­های موردبررسی در هر سه سطح خشکی بالاترین تعداد غده­چه در بوته به دو ژنوتیپ G3 و G6، بالاترین محتوی آب نسبی برگ به ژنوتیپ G6، بالاترین درصد قند محلول و درصد ماده خشک به ژنوتیپ G3 و بالاترین ارتفاع بوته، درصد نشاسته و درصد پروتئین به ژنوتیپ G4 اختصاص داشت. در شرایط نرمال رطوبتی ژنوتیپ­های G6، G4 و G3 به ترتیب با متوسط 96.90، 93.77 و 92.04 گرم در بوته بالاترین وزن غده‌چه در بوته را به خود اختصاص دادند. در تیمار خشکی تأمین 60 درصد آب قابل‌استفاده نیز اگرچه بالاترین وزن غده‌چه به ژنوتیپ G1 اختصاص داشت، اما بین ژنوتیپ مذکور و ژنوتیپ‌های G2، G3، G5 و G6 اختلاف معنی­دار وجود نداشت. همچنین در تیمار خشکی تأمین 40 درصد آب قابل‌استفاده نیز تنها اختلاف معنی­دار بین ژنوتیپ G6 و G9 دیده شد. کاربرد بتا-استرادیول (به‌خصوص 12-10 مولار) در هر سه سطح خشکی سبب افزایش معنی‌دار ارتفاع بوته، متوسط وزن غده ­چه، محتوی آب نسبی برگ، درصد ماده خشک، درصد نشاسته، محتوی پرولین، محتوی آنزیم کاتالاز و پلی‌فنل‌اکسیداز شد. درنهایت، در بین ژنوتیپ­های موردبررسی G4 در سطح 12-10 (با متوسط 62.21 گرم در بوته) بیشترین وزن غده ­چه در بوته را به خود اختصاص داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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