نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری اگرواکولوژی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استادیار مجتمع آموزش عالی میناب، دانشگاه هرمزگان

3 عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح آبیاری و کود دامی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت‌پرده (.Physalis alkekengi L)، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های یک‌بار خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1395 اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (60، 80 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی) و عامل فرعی دربرگیرنده کود دامی (گاوی) در چهار سطح (شاهد، 10، 20 و 30 تن در هکتار) بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که سطوح آبیاری بر تمام صفات مورد بررسی به‌جز وزن خشک تک‌ میوه و تعداد دانه در میوه تاثیر معنی‌دار داشت، از طرف دیگر اثر کود دامی بر تمام صفات به-جز وزن هزاردانه معنی‌دار بود. اثر متقابل سطوح آبیاری و کود دامی نیز بر وزن خشک میوه در بوته، عملکرد میوه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت تاثیر معنی‌دار داشت. شایان ذکر است در اثر متقابل 100 درصد نیاز آبی با 20 و 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی بیشترین وزن خشک میوه (به‌ترتیب 101 و 102 گرم در بوته) و عملکرد میوه (به‌ترتیب 8 و 8.2 تن در هکتار) مشاهده شد. بیشترین درصد آلکالوئید کل نیز در سطح آبیاری 80 درصد (0.4درصد) و تیمار کود دامی 30 تن در هکتار (0.37 درصد) بدست آمد که موجب افزایش 48 درصدی آلکالوئید کل نسبت به شاهد گردید. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق و با در نظر گرفتن مصرف بهینه منابع، می‌توان مناسب-ترین ترکیب تیمار برای کاشت گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت‌پرده را 80 درصد نیاز آبی با مصرف 20 تن در هکتار کود دامی در نظر گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

 
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