نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر اسید‌هیومیک، میکوریزا و ذرات سیلیسیم (نانو و معمولی) بر عملکرد و وضعیت برخی از عناصر غذایی ارزن در شرایط آب آبیاری شورسدیمی آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط مزرعه انجام گرفت. فاکتور اصلی شامل آب آبیاری شورسدیمی در دو سطح (EC=2.1 dSm-1, SAR=11.5 و EC=2.1 dSm-1, SAR=11.5)، فاکتورهای دوم و فرعی شامل سه تیمار سیلیسیم (صفر، نانو دی‌اکسید سیلیسیم Kg Si ha-1 10 و سیلیکات سدیم Kg Si ha-1 10) و فاکتور سوم فرعی میکوریزا، اسید هیومیک (صفر، تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا و اسید هیومیک Kg ha-110) بودند. ترکیبات عامل دوم و سوم به‌صورت فاکتوریل در سطوح فاکتور اصلی ایجاد شدند. نتایج نشان داد آب آبیاری شورسدیمی عملکرد دانه، عملکرد کاه و کلش، ارتفاع گیاه ارزن و غلظت نیتروژن، پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم در گیاه را کاهش ولی غلظت سدیم در گیاه را افزایش داد و بر تعداد خوشه در متر‌مربع و وزن هزار دانه اثر معنی‌داری نداشت. کاربرد تیمار نانو اکسید سیلیسیم، عملکرد دانه را نسبت به تیمار عدم مصرف سیلیسیم افزایش داد، درحالی‌که سیلیکات سدیم هیچ تأثیر معنی‌داری را نشان نداد. تلقیح گیاه ارزن با میکوریزا و یا کاربرد اسید هیومیک عملکرد دانه را به ترتیب 5.5 و 10.3 درصد و غلظت فسفر را به ترتیب به میزان 20.2 و 16.7 درصد افزایش داد. همچنین میکوریزا و اسید هیومیک در تیمارهای بدون کاربرد سیلیسیم نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم در گیاه را به ترتیب 19.5 و 25.8 درصد افزایش ولی مقدار سدیم گیاه را به ترتیب 10.8 و 12.7 درصد کاهش داد. به‌طورکلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که کاربرد اسید هیومیک و میکوریزا با افزایش مقدار فسفر و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم و کاهش مقدار سدیم در گیاه، کاهش اثرات سوء شورسدیمی خاک و آب، مقاومت و عملکرد گیاه ارزن را بهبود بخشید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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