نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز

3 استادیار گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی کشت تاخیری و رژیم آبیاری بر صفات بیوشیمیایی، محتوای نسبی آب و عملکرد دانه گلرنگ، پژوهشی مزرعه‌ای در سال زراعی 98-1397 اجرا شد. دو رقم گلرنگ (گلدشت و محلی اصفهان) در یک آزمایش اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی تحت سه رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری مطلوب، قطع آبیاری در دو مرحله‌ی گلدهی و پر شدن دانه) و در سه تاریخ کاشت (15 آذر، 5 دی و25 دی) ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که برهمکنش سه‌گانه رژیم آبیاری درتاریخ کاشت در رقم بر محتوای کلروفیل a و b، کاروتنوئید، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، محتوای نسبی آب، دمای سایه‌انداز، عملکرد زیست توده و عملکرد دانه اثر معنی‌داری داشت. قطع آبیاری در گلدهی باعث کاهش محتوای کلروفیلa و b، محتوای نسبی آب و عملکرد دانه ارقام گلرنگ به ترتیب به میزان 25، 15.38، 16.36 و 33.74 درصد نسبت به آبیاری مطلوب شد درحالی‌که محتوای کاروتنوئید، آنزیم کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و دمای سایه‌انداز را به ترتیب به میزان 14.70، 22، 29.31 و 21.75 افزایش داد. تنش آبی در مرحله گلدهی و پر شدن دانه باعث کاهش به ترتیب 52.32 و 34.54 درصد عملکرد دانه در رقم محلی اصفهان در تاریخ کاشت دوم (5 دی) نسبت به تیمار آبیاری مطلوب شد. به نظر می‌رسد گیاه با انجام فعالیت‌های بیوشیمیایی و آنزیمی در زمان وقوع تنش در مرحله پر شدن دانه قادر به جبران بیشتر کاهش عملکرد نسبت به تنش گلدهی شده است. با توجه به اینکه در تاریخ کاشت دوم (5 دی) افزایش محتوای کلروفیلa و b، کاروتنوئید، محتوای نسبی آب و دمای سایه‌انداز و به دنبال آن عملکرد بیشتری نسبت به دو تاریخ کاشت دیگر مشاهده شد. بنابرین انتخاب تاریخ کاشت بهینه (5 دی) و رقم زودرس گلدشت می تواند نقش مهمی در بهبود عملکرد دانه گلرنگ در شرایط تنش آبی آخر فصل در مناطق نیمه خشک داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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