نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اصلاح نباتات، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند

3 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل

چکیده

در راستای ارزیابی شاخص­های تحمل به خشکی تعداد 12 هیبرید حاصل از تلاقی ارقام تجاری سیب­زمینی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو سطح آبیاری (تأمین 100 و 65 درصد نیاز آبی) در گلخانه شرکت کشاورزی زرع گستر آرتا اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس وجود تنوع در بین 12 هیبرید حاصل از تلاقی را نشان داد. در تیمار تأمین 100 درصد نیاز آبی بیشترین عملکرد غده با میانگین 53.55 تن در هکتار مربوط به هیبرید R12 (♂ (♀Luca×Esprit) بود. بیشترین عملکرد غده در شرایط تأمین 65 درصد از نیاز آبی معادل با 34.41 و 35.47 تن در هکتار مربوط به هیبریدهای S13 (♀♂Luca×Esprit) و S14 (♀♂Luca×Esprit) بود. در شرایط تنش بیشترین عملکرد غده و نیز بیشترین میانگین شاخص­های تحمل به خشکی MP, GMP و TOL مربوط به هیبرید R14 (♂♀Luca × Esprit) بود. نتایج بای­پلات نشان داد که دو هیبرید R14 (♂♀Luca×Esprit) و S13 (♀♂Luca×Esprit) در مجاورت بردارهای مربوط به شاخص­های مهم تحمل به خشکی MP, GMP و TOL قرار دارند و توزیع هیبریدها در فضای بای­پلات حاکی از وجود تنوع ژنتیکی بین هیبریدها نسبت به تنش خشکی است. بیشترین فاصله ژنتیکی به‌دست‌آمده از تجزیه خوشه­ای بین دو هیبرید R14 (♂♀Luca × Esprit) و R12 (♂♀Luca×Esprit) و هیبرید­ حساس S12 (♀♂Luca × Esprit) است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از تحلیل همبستگی بین عملکرد غده در تیمار تأمین 100 درصد نیاز آبی و تأمین 65 درصد از نیاز آبی معادل و شاخص تحمل به خشکی نشان داد که دو شاخص MP و GMP مناسب‌ترین شاخص­ها برای تعیین هیبرید­های متحمل به تنش در سیب­زمینی می­باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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