نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر تیمار کود نیتروژن و تنش خشکی بر عملکرد ذرت علوفه‌ای در شیوه‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی، آزمایشی در مزرعۀ آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه تهران در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های دو بار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. خاک‌ورزی به عنوان عامل اصلی در دو سطح (بدون‌خاک‌ورزی و مرسوم)، تنش آبی به عنوان عامل فرعی (در سه سطح تامین 30، 60 و 90 % نیاز آبی) و کود نیتروژن به عنوان عامل فرعی‌فرعی (در سه سطح مصرف صفر، 50 و 100 % میزان توصیه‌شده) در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج جدول تجزیه واریانس نشان داد بالاترین قطر ساقه ( 19.8 میلی‌متر) از اثر متقابل تنش خشکی خفیف و خاک‌ورزی مرسوم حاصل شد. بالاترین شاخص سطح برگ (6.08)، وزن خشک برگ (441.58 گرم بر متر مربع)، وزن خشک ساقه (1478.2 گرم بر متر مربع)، وزن خشک کل بوته (1919.93 گرم بر متر مربع) و وزن تر کل بوته (6732.6 گرم بر متر مربع) از تنش خشکی خفیف، کاربرد 100% کود نیتروژن توصیه شده در شرایط خاک‌ورزی مرسوم حاصل شد. نتایج نشان داد که شخم حفاظتی نسبت به شخم مرسوم بر تمامی خصوصیات موردمطالعه اثر کاهشی داشت؛ بنابراین در سال­های اولیۀ انتقال از خاک‌ورزی مرسوم به خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی نمی­توان انتظار عملکرد بالایی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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