نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز

2 عضو هیئت‌علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، فارس

چکیده

وجود تنش ­های غیرزنده محیطی به‌ویژه تنش خشکی یکی از مهم‌ترین مشکلات مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است. تنش خشکی زمانی در گیاه حادث می­شود که میزان آب دریافتی گیاه کمتر از تلفات آن باشد. این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی بر صفات مورفولوژیک، میزان پرولین و ترکیبات فنلی گیاه دارویی رزماری در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی مرکز بعثت شیراز انجام شد. تنش خشکی در چهار سطح (100%، 75%، 50%، 25% ظرفیت زراعی) اعمال گردید. صفات مورداندازه‌گیری عبارت بودند از: وزن تر و خشک اندام­های هوایی و ریشه، سطح برگ، تعداد برگ، طول گیاه، میزان پرولین برگ و ترکیبات فنولی. در این تحقیق مشخص شد گیاه رزماری در شرایط تنش خشکی با شدت 75% ظرفیت مزرعه از نظر وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن تر ریشه، طول اندام هوایی با شرایط نرمال (FC 100%) تفاوت معنی­داری نداشتند. همچنین در شرایط تنش خشکی با شدت 75% ظرفیت مزرعه، طول ریشه به 27.67 سانتی­متر افزایش یافت. وزن خشک ریشه، سطح و تعداد برگ در شرایط تنش خشکی به‌طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت. در شرایط تنش خشکی با شدت 25% ظرفیت مزرعه، میزان ترکیبات کئورستین (mg/L 439.04)، ترانس فرولیک اسید (mg/L 72.48)، هسپردین (mg/L 407.62)، اوژنول (mg/L 65.36)، هسپرتین (mg/L 107.34)، رزمارنیک اسید (mg/L 1133.34) به‌طور قابل‌توجهی افزایش یافت. همچنین محتوای پرولین در شرایط تنش خشکی با شدت 25% ظرفیت مزرعه به μm/g 79.72 رسید.

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