نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد

2 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد

3 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان

4 استادیار بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان

چکیده

گیاه علف چای یک گیاه دارویی ارزشمند با خاصیت درمان کنندگی افسردگی و التیام زخم است. این آزمایش به صورت گلدانی در بهار 95 و 96 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. در این تحقیق علف چای با غلظت‌های مختلف آب شور شامل 2 (شاهد)، 6 و 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و محلول‌پاشی اسید آسکوربیک ( شاهد، 200 و 400 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) تیمار شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، شوری مقدار رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، کارتنوئید، فنل برگ، پتاسیم ریشه، نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم هر دو بخش برگ و ریشه و وزن خشک هر دو بخش هوایی و زیرزمینی را کاهش داد اما افزایش مقدار کلرید سدیم، پراکسید هیدروژن و سدیم برگ و ریشه را افزایش داد و تأثیری بر فنل ریشه و پتاسیم برگ نداشت. استفاده از اسید آسکوربیک کلروفیل a، کلروفیل کل،کارتنوئید، فنل برگ، پتاسیم و سدیم برگ، وزن خشک بخش هوایی و زیرزمینی را نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد و توانست پراکسید هیدروژن برگ و ریشه را کاهش دهد. در گیاهانی که با اسید آسکوربیک و شوری تیمار شدند،کاهش کلروفیل a، فنل برگ، پراکسید هیدروژن برگ و ریشه، پتاسیم برگ، نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم ریشه، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه در مقایسه با تیمارهایی که تنها تحت شوری بودند کمتر بود. بر پایه نتایج این پژوهش، به نظر می‌رسد که افزایش ترکیبات فنلی به علت خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی آنها و حفظ پتاسیم برگ مکانیسم‌های احتمالی تحمل به شوری است. بالاترین غلظت اسید اسکوربیک (400 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) به طور موثرتری اثرات منفی شوری را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Acosta-Motos, J., Ortuño, M., Bernal-Vicente, A., Diaz-Vivancos, P., Sanchez-Blanco, M., Hernandez, J., 2017. Plant responses to salt stress: adaptive mechanisms. Agronomy. 7, 18.
Acosta-Motos, J.R., Ortuño, M.F., Álvarez, S., López-Climent, M.F., Gómez-Cadenas, A., Sánchez-Blanco, M.J., 2016. Changes in growth, physiological parameters and the hormonal status of Myrtus communis L. plants irrigated with water with different chemical compositions. Journal of Plant Physiology. 191, 12-21.
Ahl, S.-A., Omer, E., 2011. Medicinal and aromatic plants production under salt stress. A review. Herba Polonica. 57.
Akram, N.A., Shafiq, F., Ashraf, M., 2017. Ascorbic acid-a potential oxidant scavenger and its role in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science. 8, 613.
Arnon, D.I., 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant physiology, 24, p.1.
Athar, R., Khan, A., Ashraf, M., 2008. Exogenously applied ascorbic acid alleviates salt-induced oxidative stress in wheat. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 63, 224-231.
Banerjee, A., Roychoudhury, A., 2017. Effect of salinity stress on growth and physiology of medicinal plants, Medicinal Plants and Environmental Challenges. Springer, pp. 177-188.
Bojorquez-Quintal, E., Velarde-Buendía, A., Ku-González, Á., Carillo-Pech, M., Ortega-Camacho, D., Echevarría-Machado, I., Pottosin, I., Martínez-Estévez, M., 2014. Mechanisms of salt tolerance in habanero pepper plants (Capsicum chinense Jacq.): proline accumulation, ions dynamics and sodium root-shoot partition and compartmentation. Frontiers in Plant Science. 5, 605.
Bourgou, S., Bettaieb, I., Hamrouni, I., Marzouk, B., 2012. Effect of NaCl on fatty acids, phenolics and antioxidant activity of Nigella sativa organs. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 34, 379-386.
Briskin, D.P., Leroy, A., Gawienowski, M., 2000. Influence of nitrogen on the production of hypericins by St. John’s wort. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 38, 413-420.
Caretto, S., Linsalata, V., Colella, G., Mita, G., Lattanzio, V., 2015. Carbon fluxes between primary metabolism and phenolic pathway in plant tissues under stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 16, 26378-26394.
Emam, M., Helal, N., 2008. Vitamins minimize the salt-induced oxidative stress hazards. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 2, 110-1119.
Fernandez‐Garcia, N., Lopez‐Perez, L., Hernandez, M., Olmos, E., 2009. Role of phi cells and the endodermis under salt stress in Brassica oleracea. New Phytologist 181, 347-360.
Gengmao, Z., Quanmei, S., Yu, H., Shihui, L., Changhai, W., 2014. The physiological and biochemical responses of a medicinal plant (Salvia miltiorrhiza L.) to stress caused by various concentrations of NaCl. PloS one 9, e89624.
Gengmao, Z., Yu, H., Xing, S., Shihui, L., Quanmei, S., Changhai, W., 2015. Salinity stress increases secondary metabolites and enzyme activity in safflower. Industrial Crops and Products 64, 175-181.
Germ, M., Stibilj, V., Kreft, S., Gaberščik, A., Kreft, I., 2010. Flavonoid, tannin and hypericin concentrations in the leaves of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) are affected by UV-B radiation levels. Food Chemistry. 122, 471-474.
Ghorbanli, M., Hashemi, N., Peyvandi, M., 2010. Study of salinity and ascorbic acid on some physiological responses of Nigella sativa L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 26, 370-388. [In Persian with English summary].
Hamada, A., 1998. Effects of exogenously added ascorbic acid, thiamin or aspirin on photosynthesis and some related activities of drought-stressed wheat plants, Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and effects. Springer, pp. 2581-2584.
Hameed, A., Gulzar, S., Aziz, I., Hussain, T., Gul, B., Khan, M.A., 2015. Effects of salinity and ascorbic acid on growth, water status and antioxidant system in a perennial halophyte. AoB Plants. 7.
Hemmati, K., Ebadi, A., Khomari, S., Sedghi, M., 2018. Influence of ascorbic acid and 24-epibrassinolide on physiological characteristics of pot marigold under water-stress condition. Journal of Plant Interactions. 13, 364-372.
Hernandez, M., Fernandez-Garcia, N., Diaz-Vivancos, P., Olmos, E., 2009. A different role for hydrogen peroxide and the antioxidative system under short and long salt stress in Brassica oleracea roots. Journal of Experimental Botany. 61, 521-535.
Jajic, I., Sarna, T., Strzalka, K., 2015. Senescence, stress, and reactive oxygen species. Plants. 4, 393-411.
Khan, T., Mazid, M., Mohammad, F., 2011. A review of ascorbic acid potentialities against oxidative stress induced in plants. Journal of Agrobiology. 28, 97-111.
Kim, S.-Y., Lim, J.-H., Park, M.-R., Kim, Y.-J., Park, T.-I., Seo, Y.-W., Choi, K.-G., Yun, S.-J., 2005. Enhanced antioxidant enzymes are associated with reduced hydrogen peroxide in barley roots under saline stress. BMB Reports 38, 218-224.
Koocheki, A., Nassiri-Mahallati, M., Azizi, G., 2008. Effect of drought, salinity, and defoliation on growth characteristics of some medicinal plants of Iran. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants. 14, 37-53
Koyro, H.-W., Hussain, T., Huchzermeyer, B., Khan, M.A., 2013. Photosynthetic and growth responses of a perennial halophytic grass Panicum turgidum to increasing NaCl concentrations. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 91, 22-29.
Lee, D.H., Kim, Y.S., Lee, C.B., 2001. The inductive responses of the antioxidant enzymes by salt stress in the rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Plant Physiology. 158, 737-745.
Mazid, M., Khan, T.A., Khan, Z.H., Quddusi, S., Mohammad, F., 2011. Occurrence, biosynthesis and potentialities of ascorbic acid in plants. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. 1, 167-184.
Munns, R., Wallace, P.A., Teakle, N.L., Colmer, T.D., 2010. Measuring soluble ion concentrations (Na+, K+, Cl) in salt-treated plants, Plant stress tolerance. Springer, pp. 371-382.
Murugan, A.C., Thomas, J., Rajagopal, R.K., Mandal, A., 2012. Metabolic responses of tea (Camellia sp.) to exogenous application of ascorbic acid. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 15, 53-57.
Najafi, F., Khavari-Nejad, R., 2010. The effects of salt stress on certain physiological parameters in summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) plants. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 6.
Naz, H., Akram, N.A., Ashraf, M., 2016. Impact of ascorbic acid on growth and some physiological attributes of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants under water-deficit conditions. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 48, 877-883.
Neffati, M., Sriti, J., Hamdaoui, G., Kchouk, M.E., Marzouk, B., 2011. Salinity impact on fruit yield, essential oil composition and antioxidant activities of Coriandrum sativum fruit extracts. Food Chemistry. 124, 221-225.
Noctor, G., Foyer, C.H., 1998. Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 49, 249-279.
Patil, N.M., 2012. Adaptations in response to salinity in safflower Cv. Bhima. Asian Journal of Crop Science. 4, 50-62.
Petridis, A., Therios, I., Samouris, G., Tananaki, C., 2012. Salinity-induced changes in phenolic compounds in leaves and roots of four olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.) and their relationship to antioxidant activity. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 79, 37-43.
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V., Vivekanandan, M., 2004. Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology. 161, 1189-1202.
Seevers, P., Daly, J., 1970. Studies on Wheat stem rust resistance controlled at the Sr6 locus. I. The role of phenolic compounds. Phytopathology. 60, 1322-1328.
Selahvarzi, Y., Goldani, M., Nabati, J., Alirezaei, M., 2011. Effect of Exogenous Application of Ascorbic Acid on some Physiochemical Changes in Oregano (Origanum majorana L.) under Salt Stress. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science. 42,159-16. [In Persian with English summary].
Shahbazi Zadeh, E., Movahhedi Dehnavi, M., Balouchi, H., 2015. Effects of foliar application of salicylic and ascorbic acids on some physiological characteristics of soybean (cv. Williams) under salt stress. Journal of Plant Process and Function. 4, 13-22. [In Persian with English summary].
Shao, H.-B., Chu, L.-Y., Lu, Z.-H., Kang, C.-M., 2008. Primary antioxidant free radical scavenging and redox signaling pathways in higher plant cells. International Journal of Biological Sciences. 4, 8.
Shu-Hsien, H., Chih-Wen, Y., Lin, C.H., 2005 Hydrogen peroxide functions as a stress signal in plants. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica. 46.
Siler, B., Misic, D., Filipovic, B., Popovic, Z., Cvetic, T., Mijovic, A., 2007. Effects of salinity on in vitro growth and photosynthesis of common centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn.). Archives of Biological Sciences. 59, 129-134.
Taârit, M.B., Msaada, K., Hosni, K., Marzouk, B., 2012. Physiological changes, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis L. grown under saline conditions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 92, 1614-1619.
Tounekti, T., Khemira, H., 2015. NaCl stress-induced changes in the essential oil quality and abietane diterpene yield and composition in common sage. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology. 4, 208.
Velikova, V., Yordanov, I. and Edreva, A., 2000. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: protective role of exogenous polyamines. Plant Science, 151, 59-66.
Venkatesh, J., Park, S.W., 2014. Role of L-ascorbate in alleviating abiotic stresses in crop plants. Botanical Studies. 55, 38.