نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران
2 استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات تنش کم‌آبی و محلول‌پاشی نانو کود منیزیم و کیتوزان بر صفات رشدی، عملکردی و محتوی روغن دو رقم کنجد، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل براساس طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی در جنوب شهرستان ورامین در سال زراعی 96-1395 انجام گرفت. قطع آبیاری براساس مقیاس BBCH به‌عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح شامل: آبیاری نرمال، قطع آبیاری در مرحله BBCH 65 (گلدهی) و قطع آبیاری در مرحله BBCH 75 (رسیدگی کپسول) و عوامل فرعی شامل ترکیبی از سه عامل: دو رقم کنجد اولتان و دشتستان-2، محلول‌پاشی نانو منیزیم در دو سطح شامل: عدم محلول‌پاشی و محلول پاشی (2 گرم بر لیتر) در مرحله BBCH 65 و محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان در سه سطح شامل: عدم محلول‌پاشی، محلول‌پاشی 8.4 گرم بر لیتر در مرحله BBCH 65 و 4.6 گرم بر لیتر در مرحله BBCH75 بودند. نتایج نشان داد آبیاری تا BBCH 65 باعث کاهش 28.08، 20.8، 53.05، 54.04 و 23.10 درصدی به ترتیب در میانگین صفات تعداد کپسول، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص سطح برگ و درصد روغن در مقایسه با تیمار آبیاری نرمال (به‌عنوان شاهد) شد. کاربرد 2 گرم در لیتر نانو کود منیزیوم و 4.8 و 4.6 گرم درلیتر کیتوزان به‌ترتیب منجر به افزایش 3، 5.66 و 4.39 درصدی شاخص سطح برگ در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در کاربرد نانو کود منیزیم تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمالدر رقم دشتستان-2 با میانگین 1188 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌دست آمد که در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش 16.3 درصدی داشت. به‌طورکلی محلول پاشی نانو کود منیزیم و کیتوزان (4.8 گرم در لیتر) در شرایط بروز تنش آبی در مراحل انتهایی رشد در تعدیل اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش نقش مثبتی داشت.
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