نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد
2 مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرقدس، تهران
3 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد
چکیده
سرب به عنوان یک فلز سنگین و آلاینده شیمیایی پایدار از طریق منابع مختلف مصنوعی و طبیعی سلامت محیط زیست و موجودات زنده را تهدید میکند. به منظور بررسی اثر متقابل متیل‌جاسمونات و تنش سرب بر خصوصیات رشدی، جذب و تجمع این عنصر و تعیین شاخص خطرپذیری در گیاه ریحان پژوهشی گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح نیترات سرب (صفر، 200 و 400 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) و محلول‌پاشی متیل‌جاسمونات در سه غلظت (صفر، 0.5 و 1 میلی‌مولار) بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین داده ها حاکی از کاهش تمامی صفات مورفولوژی مورد مطالعه و افزایش میزان سرب برگ و ریشه گیاه و افزایش شاخص خطرپذیری با افزایش سطوح تنش سرب بود و محلول‌پاشی متیل جاسمونات تا حدودی توانست برخی از این صفات را بهبود بخشد. به طوری که محلول پاشی متیل‌جاسمونات با غلظت 1 میلی مولار سبب افزایش 6.01 درصدی طول گل‌آذین و به ترتیب سبب کاهش 96.56 و 79.31 و 99.20 درصدی میزان سرب برگ و ریشه و شاخص خطرپذیری گردید، در حالی که با غلظت 0.5 میلی مولار به ترتیب موجب افزایش 27.66 و 9.84 درصدی تعداد شاخه‌فرعی و وزن تر اندام هوایی گردید. بنابراین به نظر میرسد کاربرد متیل جاسمونات در شرایط تنشزا توانسته تاحدودی صفات گیاه را بهبود بخشد و از آنجایی که در برخی موارد غلظت 1 میلی مولار آن سبب کاهش برخی صفات مورفولوژی گیاه گردید لذا کاربرد آن با سطح 0.5 میلی مولار در شرایط تنش سرب قابل توصیه میباشد.
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