نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز

2 دانشیار گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز

3 استادیار گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سیلیکون بر صفات بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد دو رقم گندم نان و ماکارونی تحت شرایط تنش خشکی پایان فصل، پژوهشی مزرعه‌ای به ‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 97-1396 به اجرا درآمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی در دو سطح آبیاری مطلوب و قطع آبیاری از اواخر گل‌دهی، محلول‌پاشی سیلیکون در سطوح صفر،1، 2 و 3 میلی‌مولار و دو رقم گندم نان (چمران) و ماکارونی (شبرنگ) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات اصلی تنش خشکی پایان فصل، ارقام و سیلیکون بر محتوای کلروفیل a و b، آنزیم پراکسیداز و کاتالاز و عملکرد معنی دار ‌بود. محتوای کلروفیل a و b در شرایط تنش خشکی و مصرف 3 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون به ترتیب 44 و 41 درصد افزایش نسبت به شرایط عدم مصرف سیلیکون داشتند. همچنین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و کاتالاز در شرایط تنش خشکی و 3 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون به ترتیب 35 و 52 درصد افزایش را نشان دادند. در شرایط تنش و عدم مصرف سیلیکون کلروفیل a و b به ترتیب 55 و 58 درصد کاهش داشتند. در رقم چمران کاربرد برگی سیلیکون به میزان 3 میلی‌مولار محتوای کلروفیل a و b و فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و کاتالاز را به ترتیب به میزان 54.9، 37.8، 44.8 و 46.7 درصد افزایش داد که درنهایت منجر به افزایش 19.7 درصد عملکرد دانه نسبت به رقم شبرنگ در شرایط تنش خشکی گردید.

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