نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته‏ کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 دانش آموخته‏ کارشناسی ارشد علف‏های هرز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رامهرمز

3 دانش آموخته مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی (باغبانی)، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان

4 دانش آموخته مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی (زراعت)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رامهرمز

چکیده

به ‏منظور بررسی اثر محلول ‏پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و زراعی گندم نان (.Triticum aestivum L) تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل و تنش خشکی انتهایی، آزمایشی به‏ صورت کرت‏ های خرد شده با چهار تکرار در شهرستان رامهرمز اجرا گردید. عوامل آزمایشی شامل تنش خشکی در دو سطح آبیاری کامل (عدم تنش خشکی) و قطع آبیاری از آغاز مرحله گل‏دهی تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک (تنش خشکی انتهایی) به‏ عنوان عامل اصلی و محلول‏ پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی در شش سطح عدم محلول‏ پاشی (شاهد)، محلول‏ پاشی با آب، آهن، روی، منگنز و آهن + روی + منگنز (هر کدام سه لیتر در هکتار) به‏ عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد، تنش خشکی انتهایی به‏ جز محتوای پرولین برگ و پروتئین دانه، صفات شاخص کلروفیل برگ، شاخص پایداری غشای سلول، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت را به‏ طور معنی‏ داری کاهش داد. با این وجود، محلول‏ پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی آهن، روی و منگنز صفات اندازه‏ گیری شده در هر دو شرایط عدم تنش و تنش خشکی انتهایی را به ‏طور معنی ‏داری افزایش دادند. در این میان، کاربرد محلول ‏پاشی روی بیشترین اثر را در کاهش آسیب ناشی از تنش خشکی انتهایی بر صفات مورد اندازه‏ گیری نشان داد. به‏ طور کلی، استفاده از عناصر ریزمغذی به ‏ویژه روی به ‏صورت محلول‏ پاشی می‏تواند اثرات زیان‏بار ناشی از تنش خشکی انتهایی را کاهش و موجب بهبود صفات فیزیولوژیک، زراعی و محتوای پروتئین دانه گندم نان در منطقه رامهرمز شود.

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