نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع ‌طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز

3 استادیار بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

بهینه سازی اندازه مبدا و استفاده مناسب از آن در شرایط تنش آبی نقش مهمی در افزایش عملکرد دانه ایفا می کند. به منظور تاثیر سطوح مختلف برگ زدایی بر فعالیت رنگیزه های فتوسنتری و آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی در جهت بهبود عملکرد ارقام جو در شرایط تنش، آزمایشی گلخانه ای به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل رژیم آبیاری در دو سطح آبیاری مطلوب (شاهد) و قطع آبیاری در ابتدای شیری شدن دانه، چهار رقم جو (زهک، نیمروز، ریحان و خاتم) و سه تیمار برگ‌زدایی شامل بدون حذف برگ، حذف همه برگ‌ها به‌غیراز برگ پرچم و حذف همه برگ‌ها به‌غیراز برگ پرچم و ماقبل پرچم بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش آبی بر محتوای کلروفیل a و b، کاروتنوئید، آنزیم کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص برداشت و عملکرد دانه اثر معنی‌داری داشت. در همه سطوح برگ‌زدایی در شرایط تنش آبی محتوای کلروفیل a در رقم ریحان بیشتر از سایر ارقام بود. همچنین تنش خشکی و برگ‌زدایی باعث کاهش 87.71 درصدی میزان کاروتنوئید در رقم زهک شد. حذف همه برگ‌ها به‌غیراز برگ پرچم و ماقبل پرچم باعث افزایش فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز به میزان 98.76 درصد در رقم ریحان در شرایط تنش آبی شد. از طرفی در شرایط تنش آبی حذف همه برگ ها به غیر از برگ پرچم منجر به افزایش فعالیت آنزیم پر اکسیداز در همه ارقام به غیر از رقم نیمروز شد. به نظر می رسد اعمال تیمار برگ زدایی با افزایش محتوای کلروفیل a و فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی بویژه پراکسیداز باعث افزایش مقاومت گیاه به تنش آبی در برخی ارقام جو نظیر ریحان شده است به گونه ای که حذف همه برگها به غیر از برگ پرچم باعث افزایش معنی دار شاخص برداشت و عملکرد رقم ریحان نسبت به سایر ارقام در شرایط تنش خشکی شده است.

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