نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 استادیار، گروه ریاضی دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تغییرات ریخت شناسی 98 رگه خویش آمیخته نوترکیب آفتابگردان دانه روغنی حاصل از تلاقی PAC2 × RHA266، در شرایط نرمال و تنش شوری 6 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمترمربع آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ارومیه انجام شد. در هریک از شرایط بعد از مرحله گلدهی صفات عملکرد دانه، وزن 100 دانه، تعداد برگ، طول برگ، عرض برگ، طول دمبرگ، قطر ساقه، وزن خشک طبق و روز تا گلدهی اندازه‌گیری شدند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس اثر متقابل شوری × رگه برای تمامی صفات به غیر از ارتفاع بوته معنی‌دار بود مقایسه میانگین رگه‌ها در هر دو شرایط نشان داد که میانگین رگه‌ها در شرایط تنش شوری نسبت به شرایط نرمال، در همه صفات بجز طول دمبرگ کاهش یافته است. بیشترین مقدار درصد کاهش در عملکرد دانه (13.23) و وزن صد دانه (10.60) مشاهده شد. نتایج رگرسیون گام به گام نشان داد که صفات قطر طبق و وزن 100 دانه در هر دو شرایط نرمال و تنش شوری وارد مدل شدند. بنابراین انتخاب برای این صفات در هر دو شرایط به بهبود عملکرد دانه کمک خواهد کرد. بر اساس نتایج قسمت اول پژوهش، دو رگه متحمل و حساس به شوری (به ترتیب رگه‌های C86 و C64) انتخاب و الگوی الکتروفورزی پروتئین‌ها در سطوح مختلف تنش شوری صفر، 2، 4، 6 و 8 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمترمربع بررسی گردید. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، الگوی الکتروفورزی متفاوتی برای رگه‌های C86 و C64 در سطوح مختلف تنش شوری مشاهده شد که حاکی از واکنش متفاوت رگه‌ها به تنش شوری می‌باشد. احتمالا باندهای پروتئینی با وزن مولکولی 55 و 83.45 کیلودالتون، پروتئین‌های مرتبط با تحمل به تنش شوری هستند که در رگه متحمل تغییرات بیان نشان می دهند. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش می‌تواند در برنامه‌های به نژادی آفتابگردان جهت تولید ارقام متحمل به شوری مفید باشد.

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