نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

به‏ منظور بررسی تأثیر پرایمینگ بذور زوال یافته طبیعی با ماده ملاتونین بر سبز شدن و خصوصیات رشدی گیاهچه گلرنگ، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 96-1395 در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر، گلخانه و مزرعه پژوهشی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران انجام گرفت. هر سه آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی (آزمایشگاه) و طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی (مزرعه و گلخانه ) در 4 تکرار، انجام گرفتند. تیمارهای اصلی که در هر سه آزمایش مشترک هستند عبارت بودند از کیفیت بذر (1-بذور زوال یافته طبیعی و 2-بذور جدید) و پرایمینگ بذر (1- عدم کاربرد پرایمینگ بذر 2-هیدروپرایمینگ 3- پرایمینگ با ملاتونین 0.1 میلی مولار 4- پرایمینگ با ملاتونین 0.5 میلی مولار). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که تحت شرایط مزرعه، در بذور زوال‏یافته طبیعی، بیشترین درصد سبز شدن با استفاده از هیدروپرایمینگ و ملاتونین در غلظت 0.1 میلی مولار به ترتیب با 54.50 و 57.50 درصد حاصل شد که در مقایسه با شاهد، به ترتیب 39.74 و 47 درصد افزایش نشان دادند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد در شرایط گلخانه تحت تنش خشکی، بیشترین درصد سبز شدن متعلق به پرایمینگ با ملاتونین در غلظت 0.1 میلی مولار بود که در مقایسه با شاهد، درصد ظهور گیاهچه را تا 154 درصد افزایش داد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که در شرایط شوری و ترکیب تنش شوری و خشکی نیز بیشترین سرعت و مقدار سبزشدن با پرایمینگ با ملاتونین در غلظت 0.1 میلی مولار حاصل شد اما غلظت بیشتر ملاتونین باعث کاهش سرعت سبز شدن شد. به‏ طور‏کلی، استفاده از روش مقرون به صرفه پرایمینگ بذر و همچنین هیدروپرایمینگ و پرایمینگ با ماده ملاتونین، می‏تواند کیفیت بذور را جهت رشد در شرایط خشکی و شوری، افزایش دهد.

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