نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد
2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد
3 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز
چکیده
به منظور بررسی اثر دورآبیاری و محلول پاشی کودهای شیمیایی بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه در کرچک آزمایشی در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی آذربایجان شرقی به صورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سال 1396 به‌اجرا درآمد. فاکتور اول شامل سطوح آبیاری شامل آبیاری نرمال (20 میلی)، آبیاری پس از ۸۰ میلی‌متر و 140 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر در کرت اصلی و هشت تیمار کودی شامل گوگرد، پتاسیم، نیتروژن، گوگرد + پتاسیم، گوگرد + نیتروژن، پتاسیم + نیتروژن، گوگرد + پتاسیم+ نیتروژن و شاهد به صورت محلول پاشی در کرت های فرعی بود که در سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. نتایج نشان داد اثر دور آبیاری بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی معنی دار بود، بین تیمارهای محلول پاشی کود شیمیایی از لحاظ کلیه صفات به غیر از میزان رشد نسبی اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشت و اثر متقابل دو تیمار نیز بر کلیه صفات به غیر از شاخص کلروفیل، شاخص سطح برگ، دمای برگ و محتوی آب نسبی برگ معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین تیمارهای دور آبیاری نشان داد آبیاری پس از 140 میلی‌متر تبخیر مقدار شاخص کلروفیل، شاخص سطح برگ و محتوی آب نسبی برگ را در مقایسه با تیمار نرمال آبیاری به ترتیب 7.12، 48.86 و 16.85 درصد کاهش و مقدار دمای برگ را 33.17 درصد افزایش داد. همچنین شاخص کلروفیل، شاخص سطح برگ و محتوی آب نسبی برگ در تیمار کودی S+N+K در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد به ترتیب 13.48، 38.29 و 7.73 درصد افزایش و دمای برگ را 20.25 درصد کاهش نشان داد. در تحقیق حاضر بالاترین ارتفاع بوته، وزن برگ، رشد نسبی، تعداد غلاف، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه به ترتیب با متوسط 115.67 سانتی متر، 13.63 گرم، 0.009، 79.33 غلاف، 5.95 تن در هکتار و 1.53 تن در هکتار به دور آبیاری نرمال و محلول پاشی کودی K+S+N اختصاص یافت.
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