نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران
2 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات، کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران
چکیده
محدودیت آبی یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل غیر زیستی است که می‌تواند رشد و عملکرد را در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک محدود نماید. به منظور بررسی تاثیر آبیاری تکمیلی و نانو اکسید آهن بر محتوای کلروفیل و مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه در شرایط دیم، آزمایشی در سال 96-1395 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل سه سطح آبیاری (آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله چکمه‌دهی، آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله سنبله‌دهی و عدم آبیاری یا کشت دیم) و کاربرد نانواکسید آهن در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد نانو اکسید آهن به عنوان شاهد و محلول پاشی 0.3، 0.6 و 0.9 گرم در لیتر نانو اکسید آهن) بود. محلول پاشی با نانواکسید آهن در دو مرحله از دوره رشدی (مرحله 6-4 برگی و مرحله قبل از چکمه‌ای شدن) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد 0.9 گرم در لیتر نانو اکسید آهن و آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله چکمه‌دهی، محتوای کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید را به ترتیب 16.79، 57.78، 64.32 و 115.21درصد در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد نانو اکسید آهن در شرایط دیم افزایش داد. همچنین کاربرد 9/0 گرم در لیتر نانو اکسید آهن و انجام آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله چکمه‌دهی، به‌ترتیب موجب افزایش 12.5، 47.36، 16.95، 29.18 و 38.43 درصدی در سرعت پرشدن دانه، وزن تک بذر، طول دوره‌ی پر شدن، دوره موثر پر شدن دانه و عملکرد دانه نسبت به عدم کاربرد نانواکسید آهن تحت شرایط دیم شد. از این رو به نظر می‌رسد که کاربرد نانواکسید آهن و آبیاری تکمیلی می‌تواند به عنوان یک ابزار مناسب برای افزایش عملکرد و طول دوره پر شدن دانه به کار برده شود.
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