نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان
2 دانش‌‌آموخته گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد کود گوگرد و روی بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه ذرت تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی در بهار سال 1389 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کردستان اجرا گردید. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد. آبیاری در سه سطح آبیاری کامل، تنش ملایم و تنش شدیدخشکی، به‌عنوان سطوح فاکتور اصلی در نظر گرفته شد و مصرف کود گوگرد در دو سطح (عدم مصرف کود گوگرد و مصرف 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کاربرد کود روی در دو سطح (عدم مصرف کود روی و مصرف یک کیلوگرم در هکتار)، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش محتوی نسبی آب برگ، فتوسنتز و عملکرد دانه ذرت گردید و با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی، مقادیر این صفات به میزان بیشتری کاهش یافت. کاربرد کود گوگرد و روی باعث افزایش مقادیر این صفات و کاهش درصد آسیب به غشای سلولی گردید؛ اما اثرات مثبت روی بر این صفات کمتر از گوگرد بود. کاربرد کود گوگرد در شرایط آبیاری کامل و تنش شدید خشکی به ترتیب عملکرد دانه ذرت را 50 و 45 درصد افزایش داد. حداکثر عملکرد دانه به میزان 1305.21گرم در مترمربع درشرایط آبیاری مطلوب و مصرف کود گوگرد وحداقل آن به میزان 519.61 گرم در مترمربع در شرایط تنش شدید خشکی هم‌زمان با عدم مصرف گوگرد حاصل گردید. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از کود گوگرد اگرچه نتوانست به‌طور کامل مانع از تأثیر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد دانه ذرت شود ولی تا حدود زیادی اثر آن را تعدیل نمود و بنابراین کاربرد کود گوگرد و روی به‌ویژه گوگرد می‌تواند در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و کم‌آبیاری، مفید و قابل توصیه باشد.
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