نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان-دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان – دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، تهران، ایران
چکیده
تحمل به تنش‌ها در مراحل اولیه‌ی نمو گیاهان بسیار حائز اهمیت بوده و بذوری که توانایی جوانه‌زنی در شرایط تنش را داشته باشند، استقرار موفق، تراکم مناسب و عملکرد بالایی خواهند داشت. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی توده‌های متحمل ریحان (Osimum basilicum L.) به تنش شوری و خشکی در مرحله سبزشدن صورت گرفت. این آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی انجام شد. تیمارها عبارت بودند از ترکیب دو عامل توده (20 توده) و محیط (سه سطح) که شامل محیط شاهد، شوری و خشکی بودند. سبزشدن بذرها به‌صورت روزانه ثبت گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در مجموع صفات اندازه‌گیری شده، توده‌های Esfahan2 و Shiraz در شرایط محیطی شاهد (87 و 89 درصد)، توده‌های Esfahan2، Esfahan3 و Birjand در شرایط خشکی (55، 50 و 43 درصد) و توده‌های Pishva و Zahedan در شرایط شوری (57 و 53 درصد) سبز شدن و استقرار بهتری نسبت به سایر تودهها داشتند. در این تحقیق واریانس ژنوتیپی و فنوتیپی، ضریب تنوع ژنوتیپی و فنوتیپی و توارث‌پذیری عمومی برای صفات مورد ارزیابی محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد تنوع زیادی در تحمل توده های مختلف به شوری و خشکی وجود دارد که از این تنوع میتوان برای اصلاح ارقام جدید ریحان متحمل به شوری و خشکی استفاده کرد.
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