نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
3 استاد گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
شوری یکی از تنشهای محیطی است که سبب اختلال در جذب یون‌های ضروری و درنتیجه محدودیت در رشد گیاهان میشود. کاهش رشد یک نوع سازگاری برای زنده ماندن گیاه در شرایط تنش است.در سالیان اخیر ماده آلی بیوچار به دلیل کاربرد آن در اصلاح خاک بسیار موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر بیوچار بر خصوصیات رشدی، غلظت سدیم و پتاسیم گیاه مرزه تابستانه (Satureja hortensis L.) آزمایشی گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در گلخانه گروه باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1396 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل ماده آلی بیوچار در سه سطح (0، 1 و 2 درصد وزنی خاک هر گلدان) و آبیاری با آب‌شور در 3 سطح شوری (0، 40، 80 میلیمولار کلرید سدیم) بود. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که اثرات متقابل شوری و کاربرد بیوچار بر خصوصیات رشدی موردمطالعه معنیدار بود. مقایسه میانگین دادهها نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد گره، قطر ساقه، وزن تر و خشک ساقه، وزن تر و خشک برگ در تیمار کاربرد 2 درصد بیوچار بدون شوری مشاهده شد. همچنین با افزایش غلظت نمک، میزان سدیم برگ مرزه افزایش یافت و از میزان پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم آن کاسته شد. به‌طورکلی، شوری با اختلال در میزان جذب پتاسیم و کاهش نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم گیاه سبب کاهش صفات رشدی موردمطالعه در مرزه گردید و بیوچار با جذب یون‌های نمک سبب بهبود صفات رشدی مرزه تابستانه در تیمارهای شوری گردید.
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