نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد میاندوآب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میاندوآب، ایران
چکیده
جهت بررسی اثر تنش خشکی بر شاخص سطح برگ، سرعت فتوسنتز، میزان کلروفیل، هدایت روزنه‌ای و میزان پرولین در ارقام لوبیا چیتی، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح، آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، قطع آبیاری در مرحله رویشی شامل ظهور سه برگچه اول (V3) و قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی (R6) و دو رقم لوبیا چیتی (تلاش و خمین) بودند. نتایج نشان داد در هر دو رقم لوبیا چیتی شاخص سطح برگ، میزان کلروفیل a و b، سرعت فتوسنتز و هدایت روزنه‌ای در اثر تنش خشکی کاهش معنی دار یافت ولی بر میزان پرولین بطور معنی داری افزوده شد. تحت تنش، بیشترین مقدار کاهش در صفات به ترتیب به محتوای کلروفیل a، شاخص سطح برگ، هدایت روزنه‌ای، سرعت فتوسنتز و محتوای کلروفیل b اختصاص داشت. ارقام لوبیا از لحاظ شاخص سطح برگ و میزان کلروفیل b، تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل فاقد اختلاف معنی‌دار بودند ولی در شرایط اعمال تنش خشکی، رقم تلاش در مقایسه با رقم خمین به طور معنی داری از کاهش کمتر هدایت روزنه‌ای، میزان کلروفیل و سرعت فتوسنتز برخوردار بود. میزان کاهش هدایت روزنه‌ای در تنش خشکی در مراحل گلدهی و رویشی نسبت به شاهد (آبیاری کامل) در رقم تلاش به ترتیب 25.69 و 46.29 درصد و در رقم خمین به ترتیب 38.90 و 57.81 درصد بود و افزایش محتوی پرولین نیز در رقم تلاش به ترتیب 56.46 و 92.51 درصد و در رقم خمین به ترتیب 43.97 و 81.45 درصد بدست آمد. نتیجه گیری شد رقم تلاش با دوام فتوسنتزی بیشتر از طریق حفظ سطح برگ، هدایت روزنه‌ای، سرعت فتوسنتز و میزان کلروفیل و افزایش مقدار پرولین در شرایط تنش خشکی مقاوم‌تر از رقم خمین است.
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