اثر تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی بر رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، اجزای پر شدن دانه و برخی صفات گندم (.Triticum aestivum L) در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

3 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر سه سطح مختلف آبیاری (آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله گلدهی، دانه‌بندی و بدون آبیاری (کشت دیم)) و چهار سطح تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی (محلول‌پاشی سلنیوم، اسید آسکوربیک، متانول و محلول‌پاشی آب به عنوان شاهد) بر صفات کمی و کیفی گندم، آزمایشی به صورت اسپیلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی سال زراعی 1403-1402 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی سبب کاهش عملکرد دانه، صفات مورفولوژیکی، کلروفیل a، b، کل، کارتنوئید، سرعت پر شدن دانه و دوره پر شدن دانه شد، درصورتی که محلول‌پاشی تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی موجب بهبود این صفات شد. بیش‌ترین محتوای کلروفیل a با کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک (8.8 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر) و کلروفیل کل با محلول‌پاشی سلنیوم (11.13 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر) و کارتنوئید با کاربرد سلنیوم و اسید آسکوربیک (4.54 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر) تحت شرایط آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی به‌دست آمد. حداکثر سرعت پر شدن دانه (2.66 میلی‌گرم در روز) با کاربرد متانول تحت شرایط بدون آبیاری و بالاترین دوره پر شدن دانه (44.02 روز)، دوره مؤثر پر شدن دانه (36.43 روز) با محلول‌پاشی اسید آسکوربیک تحت شرایط آبیاری در مرحله دانه‌بندی ثبت شد. آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله دانه‌بندی و کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک دارای بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه (به ترتیب با 1920.58 و 1882.78 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. عملکرد دانه تحت تأثیر انجام آبیاری تکمیلی در مراحل گلدهی و دانه‌بندی در مقایسه با شرایط بدون آبیاری به ترتیب 5.9 و 12.6 درصد و محلو‌ل-پاشی سلنیوم، اسید آسکوربیک و متانول در مقایسه با شاهد (بدون محلول‌پاشی) به ترتیب 1.1، 8.3 و 7.1 درصد افزایش یافت. بنابراین، محلول‌پاشی تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی و انجام آبیاری تکمیلی توانسته است رشد و عملکرد گندم را از طریق بهبود رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و صفات پر شدن دانه تحت شرایط دیم افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 27 اردیبهشت 1405
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